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Optimal Capacitor Placement Technique For Optimization Of Power Distribution Networks In Nigeria
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Electrical Electronics
Abstract
The protracted inability of Distribution Companies (DisCos) in Nigeria to optimally operate their distribution networks has given rise to the huge annual losses being currently experienced in the country. Thus, there is need to find a way of minimizing these losses. To address this problem, this paper proposes an optimum capacitor placement technique based on genetic algorithm (GA) which can be used to achieve improved reactive power compensation on distribution networks in Nigeria. Thus, using the Benin Electricity Distribution Company (BEDC) network as a case study, a load flow analysis was carried out on the existing Asaba Government Core Area injection substation distribution network comprising one 15MVA 33/11kV power transformer and its associated two radially connected 11kV feeders ? Saint Patrick?s College (SPC) and Anwai road feeder respectively with an aggregate of ninety six (96) secondary distribution 11/0.415kV transformers as load buses. Data used for the study were obtained from BEDC Asaba Business District between May and July, 2017. A simulation model of the network was built in ETAP 7.0.0 software environment. Using Newton-Raphson algorithm as available in ETAP, load flow analysis of the network indicated that the system requires reactive power compensation as total average active and reactive power losses of 389kW and 818kVAr respectively were incurred after the peak load network transient stability assessment of the 96 load buses was simulated. Using the current multi-year tariff order (MYTO) for BEDC with the cost of a kWh of energy at N 31.27 for residential customers as base, the cost of energy lost in the network under review was estimated for a 10 year period at about N1, 065,569,028.00 if left uncompensated. When compensated by the optimal placement of shunt capacitor banks in the network, all bus voltages were found to be within acceptable limits as active and reactive power loses were reduced to 147.82kW and 237.22kVAr respectively. Cost benefit analysis carried out showed that this reduction in losses amounted to a savings of about N 640,742,713.10 (60.13%) for the 10 years period after the network was optimized.
Keywords
BEDC Plc. Distribution Network, Network Optimization, Optimal Capacitor Placement.
References
[1] L. M. Adesina and O. A. Fakolujo, “Power Flow Analysis of Island Business District 33KV Distribution Grid System Real Network Simulations”. International Journal of Engineering Research and Application (IJERA), 5(7 (part-1)). (2015).
[2] Joel Egwaile, Kingsley Ogbeide & Austin Osahenvemwen, “Technical Loss Estimation and Reduction in a Typical Nigerian Distribution System: A Case Study.” Journal of Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Control and Computer Science – JEEECCS, Volume 4, Issue 13, pages 1-8, 2018.
[3] M. N. Nwohu, A. S. Mohammed and A. D. Usman. “Methodology for Evaluation of Aggregate Technical, Commercial and Collection (ATC & C) Losses in a Typical Radial Distribution System”. Network Status Total Power Loss on the Network (Kw) Total Energy Loss in the Network per Day(Kwh) Cost of Energy lost Per Day (Naira) Cost of Energy Lost Per Year (Naira) Cost of Energy Lost in 5 Years (Naira) Cost of Energy Lost in 10 Years (Naira) Before Compensation 389 9336 291,936.72 106,556,902.8 532,784,514 1,065,569,028 After Compensation 147.82 3547.68 110,935.9536 40,491,623.06 202,458,115.30 404,916,230.60 SAVINGS 241.18 5788.32 181,000.7664 66,065,279.74 330,326,389.70 660,652,797.40 International Journal of Research Studies in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRSEEE) Volume 3, Issue 2, 2017, pp. 1-10.
[4] Naveen Sethi, “Optimal Capacitor Placement in Radial Distribution System Using Genetic Algorithm”. Master’s Thesis in Dept. Elect Elect Eng., Thapar University, Patiala, India. , 2009.
[5] Nigerian Power Baseline Report 2015 (NPBR, 2015). Published by the advisory team, office of the Vice President, Federal Government of Nigeria in conjunction with Power Africa.
[6] J. Dixon, L. Moran, J. Rodriguez and R. Donke, (2005). Reactive Power Compensation Technologies, State-of-the Reviews. Proceeding of IEEE, 93(12), 2144-2164.
[7] D. John and T. Catherine, “BEDC Customer Survey: Developing Mutual Accountability to Tackle Electricity”. MacArthur Foundation Report 2018, .
[8] Abanihi, Ikheloa and Okodede, "Overview of Nigerian Power Sector," American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), vol. VII, no. 5, pp. 253-263, 2018.
[9] Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC, 2017). http://www.nerc.ng.com
[10] ETAP 12.6 User Guide (2014) . Operation Technology Inc., .
[11] K. Ellithy, A. Al-Hinai, & A. Moosa, (2008, April ). “Optimal Shunt Capacitor Allocation in Distribution Networks Using Genetic Algorithm - Practical Case Study”. International Journal of Innovations in Energy Systems and Power, 3(1), 13-18.
How to cite this paper
@article{1701554,
author = {Igunbor I. A., Atuchukwu A. J., ILoh J. P. I.},
title = {Optimal Capacitor Placement Technique For Optimization Of Power Distribution Networks In Nigeria},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2019},
volume = {3},
number = {2},
pages = {591-605},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1701554.pdf},
abstract = {The protracted inability of Distribution Companies (DisCos) in Nigeria to optimally operate their distribution networks has given rise to the huge annual losses being currently experienced in the country. Thus, there is need to find a way of minimizing these losses. To address this problem, this paper proposes an optimum capacitor placement technique based on genetic algorithm (GA) which can be used to achieve improved reactive power compensation on distribution networks in Nigeria. Thus, using the Benin Electricity Distribution Company (BEDC) network as a case study, a load flow analysis was carried out on the existing Asaba Government Core Area injection substation distribution network comprising one 15MVA 33/11kV power transformer and its associated two radially connected 11kV feeders ? Saint Patrick?s College (SPC) and Anwai road feeder respectively with an aggregate of ninety six (96) secondary distribution 11/0.415kV transformers as load buses. Data used for the study were obtained from BEDC Asaba Business District between May and July, 2017. A simulation model of the network was built in ETAP 7.0.0 software environment. Using Newton-Raphson algorithm as available in ETAP, load flow analysis of the network indicated that the system requires reactive power compensation as total average active and reactive power losses of 389kW and 818kVAr respectively were incurred after the peak load network transient stability assessment of the 96 load buses was simulated. Using the current multi-year tariff order (MYTO) for BEDC with the cost of a kWh of energy at N 31.27 for residential customers as base, the cost of energy lost in the network under review was estimated for a 10 year period at about N1, 065,569,028.00 if left uncompensated. When compensated by the optimal placement of shunt capacitor banks in the network, all bus voltages were found to be within acceptable limits as active and reactive power loses were reduced to 147.82kW and 237.22kVAr respectively. Cost benefit analysis carried out showed that this reduction in losses amounted to a savings of about N 640,742,713.10 (60.13%) for the 10 years period after the network was optimized.},
keywords = {BEDC Plc. Distribution Network, Network Optimization, Optimal Capacitor Placement.},
month = {August},
}