Systematic Review of Cyber Threats and Resilience Strategies Across Global Supply Chains and Transportation Networks

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@article{1702746,
      author = {Francess Chinyere Okolo, Emmanuel Augustine Etukudoh, Olufunmilayo Ogunwole, Grace Omotunde Osho, Joseph Ozigi Basiru},
      title = {Systematic Review of Cyber Threats and Resilience Strategies Across Global Supply Chains and Transportation Networks},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2021},
      volume = {4},
      number = {9},
      pages = {204-217},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1702746.pdf},
      abstract = {This systematic review critically examines the evolving landscape of cyber threats and resilience strategies within global supply chains and transportation networks. As digitalization and interconnectivity increase across logistics and transportation sectors, so too does the surface area for potential cyber-attacks. Threats range from ransomware and phishing attacks to more sophisticated intrusions targeting operational technologies (OT) and industrial control systems (ICS). These vulnerabilities compromise the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of crucial supply chain data and infrastructure, leading to economic disruptions and cascading failures across interconnected systems. Drawing from a diverse body of academic, industrial, and governmental literature, this review synthesizes the typologies, vectors, and impacts of cyber threats affecting maritime, aviation, rail, and land-based logistics systems. It also evaluates resilience frameworks and strategic countermeasures such as risk-based cybersecurity governance, cyber-physical system hardening, real-time threat intelligence sharing, incident response protocols, and international collaboration mechanisms. The findings reveal significant disparities in cyber resilience maturity among sectors and regions, underscoring the urgent need for harmonized regulatory standards, investment in cybersecurity training, and integration of emerging technologies such as blockchain and AI-driven threat detection. This review contributes to a holistic understanding of cyber risk management in global supply and transport networks and identifies gaps for future research and policy development.},
      keywords = {Cybersecurity, Transportation Networks, Cyber Threats, Resilience Strategies, Risk Management.},
      month = {March},
  }