Home / Current Issue / Paper 1704003
Forensic Radiocarbon dating of Charcoal to help crime Scene Investigation
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Forensic Science
Abstract
carbon-14 dating, also called radiocarbon dating, method of age determination that depends upon the decayto nitrogen of radiocarbon (carbon-14).Carbon-14 is continually formed in nature by the interaction of neutrons with nitrogen-14 in the Earth?s atmosphere; the neutrons required for this reaction are produced by cosmic rays interacting with the atmosphere.Radiocarbon present in molecules of atmospheric carbon dioxide enters the biological carbon cycle: it is absorbed from the air by green plants and then passed on to animals through the food chain. Radiocarbon decays slowly in a living organism, and the amount lost is continually replenished as long as the organism takes in air or food. Once the organism dies, however, it ceases to absorbcarbon-14, so that the amount of the radiocarbon in its tissues steadily decreases. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 ? 40 years?i.e., half the amount of the radioisotope present at any given time will undergo spontaneous disintegration during the succeeding 5,730 years. Because carbon-14 decays at this constant rate, an estimate of the date at which an organism died can be made by measuring the amount of its residual radiocarbon ln the reference we can find accurate age of coal particle by acclerated mass spectroscopy.it is easy way to find out their age also this ?ontext this can help crime scene lnvestigation.
Keywords
Forensic Radio carbon, charcoal, Accelerated mass spectroscopy Crime scene
References
[1] Akaranta O., Odozie T.O., (1986), Activated carbon from kernael shell. Nigeria Journal of Applied Science, 4(1), 85- 90.
[2] Aloko D. F., Adebayo G. A., Production and characterization of Activated Carbon from 2) Agricultural waste (Rice-Husk and Corn-cob). Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences ,2(2), (2007) 440-444.
[3] (2021), “Radiocarbon dating lab, ams miami - beta analytic,” https://www.radiocarbon.com/.
[4] Chem Libre Text contributors, (2019), “Radiocarbon dating: Using radioactivity to measure the age of fossils and other artifacts,” https://chem.libretexts.org/@go/ page/161977.
[5] Coleman, David C, and Brian Fry, Eds. (1991), Carbon Isotope Techniques, 3 (Academic Press). Hajdas, Irka (2009), “Applications of radiocarbon dating method,” Radiocarbon 51, 79–90.
[6] de Messi`eres, Nicole (2001), “Libby and the interdisciplinary aspect of radiocarbon dating,” Radiocarbon 43 (2), 1–5.
[7] Barber, E. A. 1909. The Pottery and Porcelain of the United States. An Historical Review of American Ceramic Art from the Earliest Times to the Present Day. New York, NY: G.P. Putnam’s Sons.
[8] Behrensmeyer, A. K. 1978. Taphonomic and ecologic information from bone weathering. Paleobiology. 4:150–162.
[9] Beta Analytic. 2013. Radiocarbon dating. http://radiocarbon.com/ Broeker, W. S., A. Schulert, and E. A. Olson. 1959. Bomb Carbon-14 in human beings. Science 130:331–332.
[10] Calcagnile, L., G. Quarta, C. Cattaneo, and M. D’Elia. 2013. Determining 14C content in different human tissues: Implications for application of 14C bomb-spike dating in forensic medicine.
[11] Radiocarbon. 55:1845–1849. Cardoso, H. F.V., K. Puentes, A. M. Soares, A. Santos, and T. Magalhaes. ˜ 2012. The value of radiocarbon analysis in determining the forensic interest of human skeletal remains found in unusual circumstances. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 19:97–100.
[12] Alon D, Mintz G, Cohen I, Weiner S, and Boaretto E (2002) The use of Raman spectroscopy to monitor the removal of humic substances from charcoal: Quality control for 14C dating of charcoal. Radiocarbon 44: 1–11.
[13] Arnold JR and Libby WF (1949) Age Determinations by radiocarbon content: Checks with samples of known age. Science 110: 678–680.
[14] Ascough PL, Bird MI, Francis SM, and Lebl T (2011a) Alkali extraction of archaeological and geological charcoal: Evidence for diagenetic degradation and formation of humic acids. Journal of Archaeological Science 38: 69–78. Ascough PL,
[15] Bird MI, Francis SM, et al. (2011b) Variability in oxidative degradation of charcoal: Influence of production conditions and environmental exposure. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75(9): 2361–2378.
[16] Bhardwaj R D, Curtis M A, Spalding K L, et al. (2006) Neocortical neurogenesis in humans is restricted to development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 103 (33):12564-12568
[17] Cook G T, Dunbar E, Black S M, Xu S (2006) A preliminary assessment of Age at Death Determination using the nuclear weapons testing 14C of Dentine and Enamel. Radiocarbon 48(3):305-313.
[18] Jull A J T, Kalin R M, Burns K (1995) Bomb-derived 14C in Human Bones: AMS application to Forensic Science. American Chemical Society, 205th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, April 1995.
[19] Levin I, Kromer B (2004) The tropospheric 14CO2 level in mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere (1959-2003). Radiocarbon 46:1261-1272.
[20] Parr, J., Sullivan, L., Chen, B., Ye, G., and Zheng, W. (2010). Carbon biosequestration within the phytoliths of economic bamboo species. Global Change Biol. 16, 2661–2667. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02118.
[21] Parr, J., and Sullivan, L. (2011). Phytolith occluded carbon and silica variability in wheat cultivars. Plant Soil 342, 165–171. doi: 10.1007/s11104-010-0680-z Parr, J. F., and Sullivan, L. A. (2014). Comparison of two methods for the isolation of phytolith occluded carbon from plant material. Plant Soil 374, 45–53. doi: 10.1007/s11104-013-1847-1
[22] Piperno, D. R. (2006). Phytoliths: a comprehensive guide for archaeologists and paleoecologists. Lanham MD: Altamira Press. Piperno, D. R. (2016a). Phytolith radiocarbon dating in archaeological and paleoecological research: a case study of phytoliths from modern neotropical plants and a review of the previous dating evidence.
[23] J. Archaeolog. Sci. 68, 54–61. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2015.06.002 Piperno, D. R. (2016b). Standard evaluations of bomb curves and age calibrations along with consideration of environmental and biological variability show the rigor of phytolith dates on modern neotropical plants: review of comment by Santos, Alexandre, and Prior.
[24] J. Archaeolog. Sci. 71, 59–67. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2016.01.013 Piperno, D. R., and Becker, P. (1996). Vegetational history of a site in the central Amazon basin derived from phytolith and charcoal records from natural soils. Quat. Res. 45, 202–209. doi: 10.1006/qres.1996.002
[25] HUA, Q. & BARBETTI, M. (2004): Review of tropospheric bomb C-14 data for carbon cycle modeling and age calibration purposes. – Radiocarbon 46: 1273-1298.
[26] HUGHEN, K., LEHMAN S., SOUTHON J., OVERPECK J., MARCHAL O., HERRING C. & TURNBULL J. (2004a): C-14 activity and global carbon cycle changes over the past 50,000 years. – Science 303: 202-207.
[27] HUGHEN, K.A., BAILLIE, M.G.L., BARD, E., BECK, J.W., BERTRAND, C.J.H., BLACKWELL, P.G., BUCK, C.E., BURR, G.S., CUTLER, K.B., DAMON, P.E., EDWARDS, R.L., FAIRBANKS, R.G., FRIEDRICH, M., GUILDERSON, T.P., KROMER, B., MCCORMAC, G., MANNING, S., RAMSEY, C.B., REIMER, P.J., REIMER, R.W., REMMELE, S., SOUTHON, J.R., STUIVER, M., TALAMO, S., TAYLOR, F.W., VAN DER PLICHT, J. & WEYHENMEYER, C.E. (2004b): Marine04 marine radiocarbon age calibration, 0-26 cal kyr BP. – Radiocarbon, 46: 1059-1086.
[28] HUGHEN, K., SOUTHON, J., LEHMAN, S., BERTRAND, C. & TURNBULL, J. (2006): Marine-derived C- 22 IRKA HAJDAS 14 calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years updated from the Cariaco Basin. – Quaternary Science Reviews, 25: 3216-3227. HUMLUM O., ELBERLING B., HORMES A., FJORDHEIM K., HANSEN O. H. & HEINEMEIER J. (2005): Late-Holocene glacier growth in Svalbard, documented by subglacial relict vegetation and living soil microbes. – Holocene 15: 396-407. INGALLS,
[29] A.E., ANDERSON, R.F. & PEARSON, A. (2004): Radiocarbon dating of diatom-bound organic compounds.-Marine Chemistry, 92: 91-105. JULL, A.J.T. & BURR, G. S. (2006): Accelerator mass spectrometry: Is the future bigger or smaller? – Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 243: 305-325.
[30] Christensen AM, Passalacqua NV, Bartelink EJ. Forensic anthropology: current methods and practice. Oxford (UK); San Diego (CA): Academic Press; 2014.
[31] Latham KE, Bartelink EJ, Finnegan M, editors. New perspectives in forensic human skeletal identification. London (UK); San Diego (CA): Figure 5. Region-of-origin prediction map for Case Study 3, remains of an unidentified border crosser (OpID 0381), using the oxygen and strontium isotopic compositions of tooth enamel. (Water base layer data used for region-of-origin prediction . The darkest gray highlighted areas indicate locations where the individual may have obtained their drinking water (based on measured oxygen isotope ratios of tooth enamel).
[32] Mallett X, Blythe T, Berry R. Advances in forensic human identification. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2014.
[33] Morewitz SJ, Sturdy Colls C, editors. Handbook of missing persons. New York (NY): Springer, Cham; 2016.
[34] Thompson T, Black S, editors. Forensic human identification. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; 2007. [6] Fry B. Stable isotope ecology. New York (NY): Springer; 2008.
How to cite this paper
@article{1704003,
author = {Abhishek Patil, Rohit Bharti},
title = {Forensic Radiocarbon dating of Charcoal to help crime Scene Investigation},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2023},
volume = {6},
number = {7},
pages = {132-142},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1704003.pdf},
abstract = {carbon-14 dating, also called radiocarbon dating, method of age determination that depends upon the decayto nitrogen of radiocarbon (carbon-14).Carbon-14 is continually formed in nature by the interaction of neutrons with nitrogen-14 in the Earth?s atmosphere; the neutrons required for this reaction are produced by cosmic rays interacting with the atmosphere.Radiocarbon present in molecules of atmospheric carbon dioxide enters the biological carbon cycle: it is absorbed from the air by green plants and then passed on to animals through the food chain. Radiocarbon decays slowly in a living organism, and the amount lost is continually replenished as long as the organism takes in air or food. Once the organism dies, however, it ceases to absorbcarbon-14, so that the amount of the radiocarbon in its tissues steadily decreases. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 ? 40 years?i.e., half the amount of the radioisotope present at any given time will undergo spontaneous disintegration during the succeeding 5,730 years. Because carbon-14 decays at this constant rate, an estimate of the date at which an organism died can be made by measuring the amount of its residual radiocarbon ln the reference we can find accurate age of coal particle by acclerated mass spectroscopy.it is easy way to find out their age also this ?ontext this can help crime scene lnvestigation.},
keywords = {Forensic Radio carbon, charcoal, Accelerated mass spectroscopy Crime scene},
month = {January},
}