A Comprehensive Study: Prosodic Features of Kashmiri Dialect of Maraaz (Anantnag)

References

[1] Utterasoo and nearby regions

[2] Brad and nearby regions

[3] Chai trav

[4] Chai trav

[5] Chai phir

[6] Zuu wandai

[7] Balailagai

[8] Balailagai

[9] Daej

[10] Baengeid

[11] Daej

[12] Khatri

[13] Kahar

[14] Warya

[15] Beav

[16] Beaved

[17] Beav

[18] There is a pronounced difference seen in the pronunciation of speaking a word in these

[19] regions. For example

[20] There is use of words related to certain fields suggesting a profession like:

[21] Software

[22] Word

[23] CV

[24] Editable

[25] Bear

[26] Scat

[27] Dear

[28] Pellet

[29] Genomics

[30] Wildlife sanctuary

[31] Research papers

[32] College

[33] Eligible

[34] University

[35] Masters

[36] Submission

[37] Diploma

[38] Assignments

[39] RESULT

[40] From the analysis of samples, it is clear that the regions taken into consideration do have a variation in their pronunciation and rhythm of speaking. The dialects are varied due to regional differences and educational background of the speaker. The old Kashmiri words were hardly used by younger generation. Moreover, the use of vocabulary in different conditions is also different depending upon the context. It is also evident from the analysis that there is a profound touch of English language on Kashmiri. Also, a tint of dialect convergence is seen between the reference dialect and the one used in Mattan Tehsil region. Dialect divergence is seen between other two regions

[41] We know that the dialects are different forms of a language spoken by different geographical regions. 70% - 80% of people in Anantnag speak Kashmiri language and rest of the population speaks other languages like pahari, gojri, etc. Moreover, a person’s education, family background, profession, etc matter a lot when it comes to the way of speaking and the choice of words he makes. In addition, age group plays an important role in determining how and what a person speaks. For example, the analysis of people from older age groups used words like “aadnuk yaar”, “muoen gaash”, “Waan” for shop, which are rearly used by the young generation. Most of the younger people use Urdu and English sentences during their conversation. If the sentences are not used frequently but English words mingle in the language as if they are a part of it. Also, there is a profound impact of cultures on the language of people. The people belonging to higher altitude regions, usually of gujjar bakarwal communities speak kashmiri in a very different manner. Their pronunciation varies significantly as they speak most of the words increasing the length of words. One more thing that is crucial in studying dialects is the context i.e., there is a particular type of vocabulary and grammar used in different situations depending on who the person is talking to. In some cases, the context of the conversation being personal, the way a child speaks is used to create a sense of closeness and connection.

[42] The used of professional terminology provides an indication of what a person might be doing in terms of education. The words used show that the people speaking are talking something about wildlife, college work and technical stuff.

[43] Since we know that the use of language is one common thing in between humans but the way we use it makes it one’s unique trait. The forensic significance of dialect analysis comes into the picture in cases of abduction, rape, murder, threatening calls, etc. It helps the investigating agencies to narrow down the location or dwelling place of a suspect based on his language variation. Also, the work he does for his living can be inferred from the language usage i.e., vocabulary, grammar, tone, etc. More importantly in some cases the victims help to get to the suspect by giving a recognition to a person whether he was present on the crime scene or not based on the way the suspect speaks. In case of highly intellectual and smart criminals the linguistic analysis can reveal if there is any secret message given to a particular person using specific code words. Moreover, the dialects used by people of different religions are different thereby giving a hint about religious background of a person. The analysis of language of a person can eliminate him as a suspect.

[44] CONCLUSION

[45] Overall, this project gave an overview of how languages vary over a range of geographical distance being affected by educational and social backgrounds of people. The differences being minute at certain points might get skipped but they do exist and give each variation a profound significance in its own way. It is important to note that no dialect is superior or inferior from the other, however, learning to speak a standard dialect can prove to be beneficial for people especially student community.

[46] REFERENCES

[47] Mahnoosh Mehrabani John H. L. Hansen (2015). Automatic analysis of dialect/ language sets

[48] Braj B. Kachru (1973). An Introduction to Spoken Kashmiri, A Sociolinguistic Profile of Kashmiri

[49] John R. Rickford (ms. January 2002, for students in Ling 73, AAVE, Stanford). How Linguists Approach the Study of Language and Dialect

[50] Omkar N Koul (2000). Kashmiri Language, Linguistics and Culture the Indo-Aryan Languages

[51] Dr. Mohsin Shakil (2012). Languages of erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir

[52] Dollinger Stefan. 2015. The Written Questionnaire in Social Dialectology.Amsterdam: Benjamins, chapter 1.

[53] Cian Thomas O Mahony (2018). An Analysis of Dialects and How They Are neither Linguistically Superior nor Inferior to One Another, Center for English Language Education, Asia University, Tokyo, Japan, International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences

[54] Fromkin, V., Rodman, R., &Hyams, N. (2018). An introduction to language. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

[55] Nazir Ahmad Dhar, Tanveer Ahmad, Neelofar H. Wani. Palatalization in Kashmiri: A Dialectology Study Interdisciplinary Journal of Linguistics, vol (4) University of Kashmir

[56] ADITYA A. LONDHE1, MANJUSHRI S. BAGUL (Feb 2023) “A Review - Forensic Linguistics -The Study of Dialectsin Various Regions of India.” https://www.irejournals.com/paper-details/1704116

[57] Aditya A. Londhe, Vikram K. Hankare, Vibhanshu D. Ganvir, Sarang S. Damle "Forensic Linguistics: Need for Criminal Identification" Iconic Research and Engineering Journals Volume 6 Issue 10 2023 Page 44-47 https://www.irejournals.com/paper-details/1704230.

@article{1704292,
      author = {Saqifa Yaseen Khan, Vikram K. Hankare, Vibhanshu D. Ganvir, Sarang S. Damle, Aditya A. Londhe},
      title = {A Comprehensive Study: Prosodic Features of Kashmiri Dialect of Maraaz (Anantnag)},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2023},
      volume = {6},
      number = {10},
      pages = {491-494},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1704292.pdf},
      abstract = {Dialectology deals with the scientific study of dialects. A dialect is a variation in any language that is used by people of any region. Besides the regional dialect that is created due to geographical barrier, dialect arises because of social differences between people, leading to the variation in the way they speak and the vocabulary they use. This paper has its focus on studying the difference between the Kashmiri spoken in few regions of South Kashmir?s Anantnag district. Since we know that the type of language and vocabulary, we use has high influence of what profession we belong to. This work will look into this aspect of language as well. It assesses the variation in usage of language in different contexts. Use of vocabulary will differ from situation to situation providing an insight into the type of context a person is speaking in i.e., whether formal or informal, public or private.},
      keywords = {Kashmiri language; Dialect; Sankritised; Persianised; Variation},
      month = {April},
  }