Home / Current Issue / Paper 1705106
Heavy Metal Toxicity in Traffic Interchange at T-Junction Epe Lagos State
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Chemical Engineering (Environmental)
Abstract
This study provides an overview of the current level of heavy metal toxicity at the T-junction traffic interchange, including its origins, chemical properties, enrichment factors, and health effects. The Deposition Gauge method was employed to conduct this experiment, and three deposition gauges were planted at the sampling site and the control unit being Lagos State University Epe Campus for duration of 1 month, between December 2022 and January 2023 (Dry Season). The gauges were harvested and taken to the analytical laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department in order to determine the deposition Fluxes. Prepared samples were taken the Central Research Laboratory, Tanke in Ilorin where the samples were characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer multi elements detector equipment. Mean and standard deviations were determined after which the Enrichment Factors (EF) were calculated. Twelve elements were characterized from the samples collected at the sampling site, and twenty-one elements at the control experiment unit respectively. EF was determined and elements such as Fe, Ag, Rh, Ru, In, Sn, Ti, Cd, Pd, Mn and Au were moderately enriched, with the exception of S, Cl, V, and Zn, highly enriched. This shows that anthropogenic activities affect the concentrations of some heavy metals at the sampling site as well as the control unit. Hence, a clean-up of the study area is recommended.
Keywords
Toxicity, Health Effects, Enrichment Factor, XRF, Anthropogenic
References
[1] P. B Tchounwou, C. G.Yedjou, A. K. Patlolla, and D. J. Sutton -Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Mol. Clin. Environ. Toxicol. 101, 133 164. (2012)
[2] D. Loomis, N. Guha, A. L. Hall and K. Straif. Identifying occupational carcinogens: an update from the IARC monographs. Occup. Environ. Med. 75 (8), 593–603. 104944. (2018)
[3] R. T. Achmad, B. Budiawan and E. Ibrahim Auerkari-Effects of chromium on human body. Annu. Res. Rev. 13, 1–8.
[4] O.S. Fatoki and E.T. Ayodele - Zinc and copper in tree barks as indicators of environment pollution. Envir.int 17:455-160. (1991).
[5] C. L. M.Joseph, S. Havstad, D.R. Ownby, E. L. Peterson, M. Maliarik, M. J. McCabe, et al. – Blood lead level and risk of asthma. Environ. Health Perspect. 113 (7), 900–904.
[6] S. Kianoush, M.Balali-Mood, S. R. Mousavi, V. Moradi, M. Sadeghi, B. Dadpour, et al., - Comparison of therapeutic effects of garlic and d-penicillamine in patients with chronic occupational lead poisoning. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 110 (5) 476–481.
[7] P. Richter, O. Faroon and R.S Pappas, - Cadmium and cadmium/zinc ratios and tobacco-related morbidities. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 14 (10), 1154. (2017).
[8] S. Dudka R. Ponce Hernandez, T. C. Hutchinson –Current level of total element concentrations in the surface layer of Sudbury's soils. Science of The Total Environment Volume 162, Issues 2–3, 27 January 1995, Pages 161-171. (1995).
[9] R. N. Ratnaike, -Acute and chronic arsenic toxicity. Postgrad. Med. J. 79 (933), 391–396.
[10] K. P. Nickens, S.R. Patierno and S. Ceryak, - Chromium genotoxicity: a double-edged sword. Chem. Biol. Interact. 188 (2), 276–288. 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.018. (2010).
[11] Y. Deng, M. Wang, T. Tian, S. Lin, P. Xu, L. Zhou,et al. -The effect of hexavalent chromium on the incidence and mortality of human cancers: a meta-analysis based on published epidemiological cohort studies. Front. Oncol. 9, 24.
[12] USEPA- Compilation of air pollutant emission factors. Volume 1: Stationary point and area sourcesAP-42,5th edn (1996)
[13] WHO, -Atmospheric deposition of selected heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants to the OSPAR Maritime Area (1990 - 2005)
[14] Binggan Wei,Linsheng Yang - A Review of Heavy Metal Contaminations in Urban Soils, Urban Road Dusts and Agricultural Soils From China. Microchemical Journal 94(2):99-107. (2010)
[15] T. K. Burki, - Nigeria’s lead poisoning crisis could leave a long legacy. Lancet 379 (9818), 792. (2012)
[16] S. A. Adebanjo, L.A. Jimoda, O. A. Alade and O. Duduyemi- Elemental Composition of Total Wet Particulate Matter Deposition in the selected Industrial Areas within Lagos state. Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 7, (10): 182-192. (2020).
[17] Cancer -Beryllium, cadmium, mercury, and exposures in the glass manufacturing industry. Working Group views and expert opinions, Lyon, 9-16 February 1993. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinog Risks Hum., 58, 1. (1993).
[18] L. M. D. Del Razo, G. G. García-Vargas, A. Albores, H. Vargas, M. E. Gonsebatt, R. Montero, et al. -Altered profile of urinary arsenic metabolites in adults with chronic arsenicism. Arch. Toxicol. 71 (4), 211 –217.
[19] S. A. Adebanjo, L. A. Jimoda, E. Alagbe, O. A. Alade, K. A. Adedeji, W. A. Raji and J.A. Sonibare- Deposition fluxes of Particulate matter of some selected industrial area within Lagos State. Lasu Journal of engineering science and technology 1(1): 1-13. (2019).
[20] J. M. G. Williams, A. Mathews and C. MacLeod,
[21] -The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology.
[22] Psychological Bulletin, 120(1), 3–24. https:// (1996).
How to cite this paper
@article{1705106,
author = {Adebanjo Sunday Adekunle, Akinwunmi Maxwell Akindare, Oloye Abdul-Rasaq Adetunji, Alebiosu Samuel Olubunmi},
title = {Heavy Metal Toxicity in Traffic Interchange at T-Junction Epe Lagos State},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2023},
volume = {7},
number = {4},
pages = {135-140},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1705106.pdf},
abstract = {This study provides an overview of the current level of heavy metal toxicity at the T-junction traffic interchange, including its origins, chemical properties, enrichment factors, and health effects. The Deposition Gauge method was employed to conduct this experiment, and three deposition gauges were planted at the sampling site and the control unit being Lagos State University Epe Campus for duration of 1 month, between December 2022 and January 2023 (Dry Season). The gauges were harvested and taken to the analytical laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department in order to determine the deposition Fluxes. Prepared samples were taken the Central Research Laboratory, Tanke in Ilorin where the samples were characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer multi elements detector equipment. Mean and standard deviations were determined after which the Enrichment Factors (EF) were calculated. Twelve elements were characterized from the samples collected at the sampling site, and twenty-one elements at the control experiment unit respectively. EF was determined and elements such as Fe, Ag, Rh, Ru, In, Sn, Ti, Cd, Pd, Mn and Au were moderately enriched, with the exception of S, Cl, V, and Zn, highly enriched. This shows that anthropogenic activities affect the concentrations of some heavy metals at the sampling site as well as the control unit. Hence, a clean-up of the study area is recommended.},
keywords = {Toxicity, Health Effects, Enrichment Factor, XRF, Anthropogenic},
month = {October},
}