International Peer-Reviewed JournalOpen AccessISSN 2456-8880
irejournals@gmail.com+91-7433024337

Home / Current Issue / Paper 1706398

1706398 Vol 8 · Issue 4 Download Paper

Water Quality Assessment in Relation to Water Depth in Dan-Zaria Dam North Central Nigeria

Audu Abdulwahab Peter Obasa Sadiq Bashiru

Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology  ·  Area of research: Agricultural and Environmental Engineering

Abstract

This study assesses the influence of water depth on the physicochemical properties of Dan Zaria Dam and its suitability for agricultural and domestic use. Statistical analysis revealed significant variations with depth in parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen (DO). pH decreased with depth (p < 0.05), indicating more acidic conditions, while conductivity and TDS increased (p < 0.05), reflecting higher mineral concentrations. DO levels also declined at greater depths, likely due to reduced oxygen diffusion. Other parameters, including calcium hardness, alkalinity, and nitrate, showed no significant depth-related changes and remained within safe limits. The findings emphasize the need for depth-sensitive water quality management, focusing on potential issues like DO depletion and mineral accumulation in deeper water layers.

Keywords

Agricultural, Depth, Parameters, Layers.

References

[1] World Health Organization (2022). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. WHO Press. DOI: 10.1007/s11269-023-03666-y

[2] Food and Agriculture Organization (2021). Water Quality for Agriculture. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 Rev. 1. DOI: 10.1007/s11157-023-09650-7

[3] Chidiac, S., El Najjar, P., Ouaini, N., El Rayess, Y., & El Azzi, D. (2023). A comprehensive review of water quality indices (WQIs): history, models, attempts and perspectives. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 22(2), 349-395.

[4] Mogane, L. K., Masebe, T., Msagati, T. A., & Ncube, E. (2023). A comprehensive review of water quality indices for lotic and lentic ecosystems. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(8), 926.

[5] Omeka, M. E., Ezugwu, A. L., Agbasi, J. C., Egbueri, J. C., Abugu, H. O., Aralu, C. C., & Ucheana, I. A. (2024). A review of the status, challenges, trends, and prospects of groundwater quality assessment in Nigeria: an evidence-based meta-analysis approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(15), 22284-22307.

[6] Sastre, L. R., Dharod, J. M., Nounkeu, C. D., Paynter, L., & Labban, J. D. (2021). Examination of the Cameroon DHS data to investigate how water access and sanitation services are related to diarrhea and nutrition among infants and toddlers in rural households.

[7] Mazzoni, F., Alvisi, S., Blokker, M., Buchberger, S. G., Castelletti, A., Cominola, A., ... & Franchini, M. (2023). Investigating the characteristics of residential end uses of water: A worldwide review. Water Research, 230, 119500.

[8] Syeed, M. M., Hossain, M. S., Karim, M. R., Uddin, M. F., Hasan, M., & Khan, R. H. (2023). Surface water quality profiling using the water quality index, pollution index and statistical methods: A critical review. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 18, 100247.

[9] Umukiza, E., Abagale, K. F., & Adongo, T. A. (2023). A Review on A review on significance and failure causes of small-scale irrigation dams in arid and semi-arid lands. Journal of Infrastructure Planning and Engineering (JIPE), 2(2), 1-9.

[10] Naeem, K., Zghibi, A., Elomri, A., Mazzoni, A., & Triki, C. (2023). A literature review on system dynamics modeling for sustainable management of water supply and demand. Sustainability, 15(8), 6826.

[11] Bangira, T., Matongera, T. N., Mabhaudhi, T., & Mutanga, O. (2023). Remote sensing-based water quality monitoring in African reservoirs, potential and limitations of sensors and algorithms: A systematic review. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 103536.

[12] Cong-Thi, D., Dieu, L. P., Caterina, D., De Pauw, X., Thi, H. D., Ho, H. H., ... & Hermans, T. (2024). Quantifying salinity in heterogeneous coastal aquifers through ERT and IP: Insights from laboratory and field investigations. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 262, 104322.

[13] Ogarekpe, N. M., Nnaji, C. C., Oyebode, O. J., Ekpenyong, M. G., Ofem, O. I., Tenebe, I. T., & Asitok, A. D. (2023). Groundwater quality index and potential human health risk assessment of heavy metals in water: A case study of Calabar metropolis, Nigeria. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 19, 100780.

[14] Saalidong, B. M., Aram, S. A., Otu, S., & Lartey, P. O. (2022). Examining the dynamics of the relationship between water pH and other water quality parameters in ground and surface water systems. PloS one, 17(1), e0262117.

[15] Gemeda, F., & Yadeta, B. (2024). Effect of Irrigation Water Quality on Selected Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Ethiopia. American Journal of Life Sciences, 8(1), 73-85.

[16] Fardowsa, A. (2024). Assessment of Water Quality in Some Distribution Tankers and Boreholes in Selected Areas of Nairobi County (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).

[17] Jaeger, J. J. (2022). Influence of Freshwater Inflow in the Brazos River Estuary (Master's thesis, University of Houston-Clear Lake).

[18] Adjovu, G. E., Stephen, H., James, D., & Ahmad, S. (2023). Measurement of total dissolved solids and total suspended solids in water systems: A review of the issues, conventional, and remote sensing techniques. Remote Sensing, 15(14), 3534.

[19] Doumtoudjinodji, P., Manou, B. E., Mbaigane, J. C. D., Djoueingue, N., Agnichola, U., & Amadou, A. S. (2024). Hydrochemical Characterisation and Assessment of the Level of Contamination of Groundwater Collected by Private Waterworks in the Town of Moundou in the South of Chad. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 12(01), 13-32.

[20] Eid, M. H., Eissa, M., Mohamed, E. A., Ramadan, H. S., Czuppon, G., Kovács, A., & Szűcs, P. (2024). Application of stable isotopes, mixing models, and K-means cluster analysis to detect recharge and salinity origins in siwa oasis, Egypt. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 25, 101124.

[21] Andaryani, S., Nourani, V., Abbasnejad, H., Koch, J., Stisen, S., Klöve, B., & Haghighi, A. T. (2023). Spatio-temporal analysis of climate and irrigated vegetation cover changes and their role in lake water level depletion using a pixel-based approach and canonical correlation analysis. Science of the Total Environment, 873, 162326.

[22] Guo, W., Zhai, M., Lei, X., Huang, H., Long, Y., & Li, S. (2024). Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Simulation of the Effect of Stormwater Inlet Blockage on Urban Waterlogging. Water, 16(14), 2029.

[23] Changsheng, H., Akram, W., Rashid, A., Ullah, Z., Shah, M., Alrefaei, A. F., ... & Abdel-Daim, M. M. (2022). Quality Assessment of Groundwater Based on Geochemical Modelling and Water Quality Index (WQI). Water, 14(23), 3888.

[24] Semar, A., Bachir, H., & Lal, R. (2024). 9 Groundwater's Geochemical. Managing Soil Drought, 9, 255.

[25] Zhang, Y., Li, X., Ren, A., Yao, M., Chen, C., Zhang, H., ... & Liu, G. (2024). Impacts of water treatments on bacterial communities of biofilm and loose deposits in drinking water distribution systems. Environment International, 190, 108893.

[26] Odone, G., Perulli, G. D., Mancuso, G., Lavrnić, S., & Toscano, A. (2024). A novel smart fertigation system for irrigation with treated wastewater: Effects on nutrient recovery, crop and soil. Agricultural Water Management, 297, 108832.

[27] Choudhary, M., Muduli, M., & Ray, S. (2022). A comprehensive review on nitrate pollution and its remediation: Conventional and recent approaches. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 8(4), 113.

[28] Tauseef Azam, M., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, A., Khalid, A., & Saleem, S. (2024). Health risk assessment of arsenic and lead contamination in drinking water: A study of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Water Supply, 24(6), 2055-2065.

[29] Peng, H., Lu, T., Xiong, S., Ferrer, A. S. N., & Wang, Y. (2023). Calcium and magnesium in China’s public drinking water and their daily estimated average requirements. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 45(6), 3447-3464.

[30] Ravindiran, G., Rajamanickam, S., Sivarethinamohan, S., Karupaiya Sathaiah, B., Ravindran, G., Muniasamy, S. K., & Hayder, G. (2023). A Review of the Status, Effects, Prevention, and Remediation of Groundwater Contamination for Sustainable Environment. Water, 15(20), 3662.

[31] Friedman, A., Boselli, E., Ogneva-Himmelberger, Y., Heiger-Bernays, W., Brochu, P., Burgess, M., ... & Clauss Henn, B. (2024). Manganese in residential drinking water from a community-initiated case study in Massachusetts. Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 34(1), 58-67.

[32] Price, G. A., Stauber, J. L., Jolley, D. F., Koppel, D. J., Van Genderen, E. J., Ryan, A. C., & Holland, A. (2023). Natural organic matter source, concentration, and pH influences the toxicity of zinc to a freshwater microalga. Environmental Pollution, 318, 120797.

[33] Sugino, K., & Oka, A. (2023). Zinc and silicon biogeochemical decoupling in the North Pacific Ocean. Journal of Oceanography, 79(1), 61-76.

[34] Christenson, C. A. (2024). Perspectives, Priorities, and Press: Understanding Rural Water Risks in Wisconsin via Direct and Indirect Methods (Doctoral dissertation, The University of Wisconsin-Madison).

[35] Tammeorg, O., Nürnberg, G. K., Horppila, J., Tammeorg, P., Jilbert, T., & Nõges, P. (2024). Linking sediment geochemistry with catchment processes, internal phosphorus loading and lake water quality. Water Research, 263, 122157.

[36] Zheng, B., Fan, J., Chen, B., Qin, X., Wang, J., Wang, F., ... & Liu, X. (2022). Rare-earth doping in nanostructured inorganic materials. Chemical Reviews, 122(6), 5519-5603.

[37] Ellis, E. A., Allen, G. H., Riggs, R. M., Gao, H., Li, Y., & Carey, C. C. (2024). Bridging the divide between inland water quantity and quality with satellite remote sensing: An interdisciplinary review. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water, e1725.

[38] Zhu, M., Wang, J., Yang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, L., Ren, H., ... & Ye, L. (2022). A review of the application of machine learning in water quality evaluation. Eco-Environment & Health, 1(2), 107-116.

[39] Krishnamoorthy, N., Thirumalai, R., Sundar, M. L., Anusuya, M., Kumar, P. M., Hemalatha, E., ... & Munjal, N. (2023). Assessment of underground water quality and water quality index across the Noyyal River basin of Tirupur District in South India. Urban Climate, 49, 101436.

[40] Dewangan, S. K., Shrivastava, S., Kadri, M., Saruta, S., Yadav, S., & Minj, N. (2023). Temperature effect on electrical conductivity (EC) & total dissolved solids (TDS) of water: A review. Int. J. Res. Anal. Rev, 10, 514-520.

[41] Khanjani, M. H., Sharifinia, M., & Emerenciano, M. G. C. (2024). Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Aquaculture: What Goes Right, What Goes Wrong? A Scientific‐Based Snapshot. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2024(1), 7496572.

[42] Xue, W., Zhang, C., & Zhou, D. (2023). Positive and negative effects of recirculating aquaculture water advanced oxidation: O3 and O3/UV treatments improved water quality but increased antibiotic resistance genes. Water Research, 235, 119835.

[43] Zazouli, M. A., Dashtban, N., Jalalvand, M. A., Kheilgavan, S. J., Kholerdi, F. M., Mohammadpour, A., ... & Dehbandi, R. (2024). Unveiling Nitrate Contamination and Health Risks: Insights from Groundwater Quality Assessment and Monte Carlo Simulation along the Southern Caspian Sea Coasts. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 101340.

[44] Mishra, S., Kumar, R., & Kumar, M. (2023). Use of treated sewage or wastewater as an irrigation water for agricultural purposes-Environmental, health, and economic impacts. Total Environment Research Themes, 6, 100051.

[45] Chidiac, S., El Najjar, P., Ouaini, N., El Rayess, Y., & El Azzi, D. (2023). A comprehensive review of water quality indices (WQIs): history, models, attempts and perspectives. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 22(2), 349-395.

[46] Muniz, D. H., & Oliveira-Filho, E. C. (2023). Multivariate statistical analysis for water quality assessment: A review of research published between 2001 and 2020. Hydrology, 10(10), 196.

[47] Biswas, T., Pal, S. C., Saha, A., Ruidas, D., Islam, A. R. M. T., & Shit, M. (2023). Hydro-chemical assessment of groundwater pollutant and corresponding health risk in the Ganges delta, Indo-Bangladesh region. Journal of Cleaner Production, 382, 135229.

[48] FAO (1996): Agricultural and Food Security; Food and Agricultural Organization of United

[49] Nations, World food summit, FAO Rome.

[50] American Public Health Association (APHA). (2020). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (23rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: APHA.

[51] World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality (4th ed.). Geneva: WHO.

[52] Standards Organisation of Nigeria. (2015). Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality

[53] United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2022). National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Retrieved from EPA.

[54] Sahreen, S., Mukhtar, H., Imre, K., Morar, A., Herman, V., & Sharif, S. (2022). Exploring the function of quorum sensing regulated biofilms in biological wastewater treatment: A review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(17), 9751.

[55] Altahaan, Z. F., & Dobslaw, D. (2024). Assessment of post-war groundwater quality in urban areas of Mosul city/Iraq and surrounding areas for drinking and irrigation purposes by using the Canadian Environment Water Quality Index CCME-WQI and Heavy Metal Pollution Index HPI. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 21(3), 2461-2481.

How to cite this paper

Audu Abdulwahab, Peter Obasa, Sadiq Bashiru "Water Quality Assessment in Relation to Water Depth in Dan-Zaria Dam North Central Nigeria" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 8 Issue 4 2024 Page 529-537
Audu Abdulwahab, Peter Obasa, Sadiq Bashiru "Water Quality Assessment in Relation to Water Depth in Dan-Zaria Dam North Central Nigeria" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 8, no. 4, Oct. 2024
Audu Abdulwahab, Peter Obasa, Sadiq Bashiru (2024). Water Quality Assessment in Relation to Water Depth in Dan-Zaria Dam North Central Nigeria. Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 8(4).
Audu Abdulwahab, Peter Obasa, Sadiq Bashiru "Water Quality Assessment in Relation to Water Depth in Dan-Zaria Dam North Central Nigeria" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 8, no. 4, Oct. 2024.
@article{1706398,
      author = {Audu Abdulwahab, Peter Obasa, Sadiq Bashiru},
      title = {Water Quality Assessment in Relation to Water Depth in Dan-Zaria Dam North Central Nigeria},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2024},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {529-537},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1706398.pdf},
      abstract = {This study assesses the influence of water depth on the physicochemical properties of Dan Zaria Dam and its suitability for agricultural and domestic use. Statistical analysis revealed significant variations with depth in parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen (DO). pH decreased with depth (p < 0.05), indicating more acidic conditions, while conductivity and TDS increased (p < 0.05), reflecting higher mineral concentrations. DO levels also declined at greater depths, likely due to reduced oxygen diffusion. Other parameters, including calcium hardness, alkalinity, and nitrate, showed no significant depth-related changes and remained within safe limits. The findings emphasize the need for depth-sensitive water quality management, focusing on potential issues like DO depletion and mineral accumulation in deeper water layers.},
      keywords = {Agricultural, Depth, Parameters, Layers.},
      month = {October},
  }