Role of Outer Hill States in the Mughal Conquest of Kashmir (1526-1586 A.D.)

References

[1] Abul Fazl, Akbar Nama, vol III; translated by H. Beveridge, 1973, p.764

[2] Muhib Hasan, Kashmir Under the Sultans, edited by Hamid Hasan, Kashmir, 2002, P. 183

[3] Nizamuddin, Tabayat-i-Akbari, vol III, Eng tr. B. Dey, Calcutta, 1927-29, p. 460

[4] C. G. Smith, A History of Reigning Family of Lahore and the Rajas of Jammu, Delhi, 1998, p. 237

[5] Mirza Haider Dughlat, Tarikh-i-Rashidi, tr. N. Elias and E Ross, Delhi, l986, p. 18

[6] Ibid, p. 18

[7] Ibid, p. 21

[8] Tabaqat-i-Akbari, op.cit p.470

[9] Abul Fazl, Akbarnama, vol II, tr. H. Beveridge, Delhi, 1973, p. 153-154

[10] Ibid, p. 198-199

[11] Suka, Rajtarangini, Eng tr. J. C. Dutt, Delhi, l986, p. 388

[12] Fida Hassnain, The Muslim Kashmir (l 320-1589), Srinagar, 2007, p. 289

[13] Abdul Majid Mattoo, Kashmir Under the Mughals (1586-I 752), Kashmir, 1988, p. 5

[14] M.L. Kapur, Kingdom of Kashmir, Earliest Times to I 586 A.D, Jammu, 1983, p. 185

[15] Ibid, p. 185

[16] Anonymous, Baharistan-i-Shahi, A chronicle of Medieval Kashmir, tr. K.N. Pandit, Calcutta, 1991, p. 157

[17] Mohammad-ud-din-Fouk, A complete History of Kashmir, The Ancient Hindu Kings Kings, The Msulim Kings, The Khalsa Kings, tr. R.K Bharti, Srinagar, 2009, p. 351 – 355

[18] Akbarnama, vol III, op. cit, p. 550

[19] Ibid, p. 676

[20] Ibid, p. 707

[21] Ibid, p. 715

[22] Kalhana, Rajtarangini, tr. by M.A. Stein, vol I, Delhi, 1989, p. 87, 106, 113

[23] S.D.S. Charak, History and Culture of Himalayan Hill States, vol IV, Pathankot, 1988, p. 229

[24] G.M.D. Sufi, Kashir, vol I, Lucknow, 1974, p. 113-114

[25] Jahangir, Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, vol I & II, tr. by Alexander Rodgers, Delhi, 1973, p. 764

[26] P.N.K. Bamzai, History of Kashmir and it's Cultural Heritage, Delhi, 1973, p. 241 – 42

[27] Zaffar Ullah Khan Jaral, Tazkirah-i-Bemisaal-Rajgan-i-Rajour (urdu), Jallandhar, 1907, p. 72

[28] Ibid, p. 73

[29] Narsingh Das Nargis, Tarikh-i-Jadid-i-Dogra Des (Urdu), Jammu, l967, p. 371

[30] Zaffar Ullah Jaral, op.cit, p.72

[31] J. Hutchison & J. Ph Vogel, History of the Punjab Hill States, vol II, Lahore, 1933, p. 726

[32] Ibid, p. 726

[33] Akbarnama, vol III, op.cit, p. 764

[34] Zaffar Ullah Jaral, op.cit, p.74

[35] G.T. Vigne, Travels in Kashmir, Ladakh, Iscardo, Vol I, Delhi, 1981, p. 230; Vigne while travelling to Kashmir halted at Rajouri and Raja Rahimullah Shah showed certificates. with original seal and signature of Emperor.

@article{1706969,
      author = {Dr. Anjuman Ara},
      title = {Role of Outer Hill States in the Mughal Conquest of Kashmir (1526-1586 A.D.)},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {8},
      number = {7},
      pages = {480-483},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1706969.pdf},
      abstract = {This study examines the strategic maneuvers and military campaigns of the Mughal Empire in Kashmir, particularly during the reigns of Emperor Babur and his successors. Starting with Babur's initial attempts in 1527 to assist Sultan Sikandar and secure Mughal interests in the region, the research highlights the establishment of alliances, particularly with Raja Goghar Dev of Jammu. The subsequent successful invasions by Humayun's foster brother, Mirza Kamran, and the occupation of Kashmir by Mirza Mohammad Haider Dughlat are discussed, along with the political landscape that emerged with the Chak dynasty under Ghazi Shah Chak. The narrative intricately details the political and military strategies employed by Akbar to consolidate power over Kashmir from 1585 onwards, including diplomatic missions aimed at fostering relationships with regional rulers of Rajouri and Bhimbar. The analysis reveals how these relationships were crucial for the Mughal conquest, culminating in Akbar's successful invasion in 1586, following previous military failures. The study underscores the importance of regional alliances and the roles of local rulers in shaping the fate of Kashmir during this transformative period, as well as the implications of Mughal rule for the political landscape of the region.},
      month = {January},
  }