Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Snuff) on the Hippocampus of Adult Male Wistar Rat

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@article{1707132,
      author = {Obot Joseph Ime, Okoseimiema Sonny Clement},
      title = {Effect of Smokeless Tobacco (Snuff) on the Hippocampus of Adult Male Wistar Rat},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {8},
      number = {8},
      pages = {272-277},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1707132.pdf},
      abstract = {The use of smokeless tobacco products is common worldwide, with increasing consumption in many countries. The various forms of smokeless tobacco used depends on culture, social, and geographical variation. Although smokeless tobacco use causes adverse health outcomes, understanding its use and the impact is made difficult by the wide variation in products and user-specific behaviours. This diversity makes generalising about these products across regions and countries as one entity inaccurate. This research evaluated the effects of snuff consumption on the CA3 region of the hippocampus of adult male Wistar rats. 24 adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups: group I, II, III and IV. Group I received only distilled water, group II received 20 mg/kg, group III received 30 mg/kg and group IV received 40 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of smokeless tobacco orally through oral gavage. The duration of the administration lasted for 33 days. The rats were sacrificed on day 3 and day 33 to extract the brain tissue for histological processing. Histomorphological examination revealed progressive histopathological changes which includes pkynosis, chromatolysis, vacuolation and gliosis. These changes were mild in day 3 but increased extensively in day 33. The result from group III and IV administration suggests progressive neurotoxicity which was time and dose-dependent. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that exposure to aqueous extract of smokeless tobacco produces progressive neurodegeneration in the hippocampus of adult male Wistar rat.},
      month = {February},
  }