Assessing the Relationship of Public Risk Perception Regarding Environmental Impacts of Pharmaceutical Handling with Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices in Abuja, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

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@article{1707908,
      author = {Rilwanu Muhammad Yahaya, Marcus Danjuma, Adamu Tanko Ogah},
      title = {Assessing the Relationship of Public Risk Perception Regarding Environmental Impacts of Pharmaceutical Handling with Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices in Abuja, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {8},
      number = {10},
      pages = {576-590},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1707908.pdf},
      abstract = {the presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment has been a source of concern that caught the attention of global environmental players. This concern is mainly because of the risk associated with household methods of handling pharmaceuticals. The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between public risk perception and knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the environmental impacts of pharmaceutical handling in Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study conducted a cross-sectional survey using a structured self-administered questionnaire among 2,182 participants between March 2019 through June 2019. The data were analyzed using descriptive, chi-square, and independent t-test methods. Results: The majority of the respondents 1460 (66.9%) had a good level of knowledge, 1337 (61.3%) indicated a negative attitude, most of them exhibited unsafe practices 2095 (96.0%), and 1234 (56.6%) perceived high risk. The demographic factors associated with risk perception were area council, educational level, occupation, and medical history (p=0.001). Household income showed an association among those with low (Mean ? SD; 24.33 ? 2.54) and high (34.44 ? 4.55) risk perception. Likewise, knowledge and attitude are associated (p=0.001) with risk perception. Conclusion: The study concluded that the environmental impacts of pharmaceuticals, as well as risk perception, are determined mainly by public knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding pharmaceutical handling. Thus, it is recommended that efforts towards attitudinal change are imperative through health professionals and media participation to save the environment. Again, legislation on regulatory frameworks to prevent and control pharmaceutical pollution from the point sources to limit the environmental impacts of pharmaceuticals is necessary.},
      keywords = {Risk Perception, KAP, Pharmaceuticals, Pharmaceutical Handling, Abuja},
      month = {April},
  }