An Optimization Approach to The Extraction of Environmentally Friendly Oil from Ricinus Communis Seeds

@article{1708387,
      author = {Ikoro, M.A., Nwodi, N.F., Vwioko, I.R., Umuerri, A.K.; Umukoro, B., Ogbimi, E.V.; Adepoju, T. F},
      title = {An Optimization Approach to The Extraction of Environmentally Friendly Oil from Ricinus Communis Seeds},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {8},
      number = {11},
      pages = {524-533},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1708387.pdf},
      abstract = {In an attempt to seek a non-edible oil that can be used in industries for environmentally friendly biofuel production, this study extracted oil from Ricinus communis seeds via a Soxhlet extractor with propanone as a solvent. The extraction process was carried out in thirty (30) experimental runs by considering four variables (extraction time, propanone volume, Ricinus communis seed powder weight [RCSPW], and particle sizes) on the oil yield. The properties and the GCMS analysis of the oil were determined with a view to ascertaining its industrial applications. Results indicated that Ricinus communis seed was rich in oil with an optimum yield of 51.98% (wt./wt.). Process optimization using CCRD proved to be a suitable tool with high regression parameters (R-square = 99.99%; adjusted R-squared = 99.97%; predicted R-square = 99.98%). The variables were found to be mutually significant with a p-value < 0.001.  Properties of the produced oil indicated that the oil is highly unsaturated and can be a useful raw material for the production of biofuel that is environmentally friendly. The study concluded that Ricinus communis seed is a good oil source that is environmentally friendly.},
      keywords = {Ricinus communis seed; Soxhlet extractor; Propanone; Central composite rotatable design; Regression parameters; Oil},
      month = {May},
  }