Comparative Evaluation of Livcholine DS and Choline Chloride in Swine Growth and Performance

@article{1709454,
      author = {Dr. N. Singh, Dr. P. Kumar, Pramod Sharma},
      title = {Comparative Evaluation of Livcholine DS and Choline Chloride in Swine Growth and Performance},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {8},
      number = {12},
      pages = {1587-1590},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1709454.pdf},
      abstract = {Choline is an essential nutrient required for optimal growth, lipid transport, and hepatic function in pigs. Although synthetic choline chloride (60?%) is routinely incorporated into commercial feeds, its hygroscopic and corrosive nature can impair feed quality and handling. Livcholine?DS, a polyherbal alternative rich in natural phosphatidylcholine, offers a heat?stable, non?hygroscopic source of bioavailable choline. A 42?day feeding trial with 120 grower?finisher pigs compared a negative control diet (no added choline), a synthetic choline chloride diet (1?kg/MT), and a Livcholine?DS diet (150?g/MT). Livcholine?DS significantly improved average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and liver enzyme profiles versus both control and choline chloride, while reducing mortality. The data demonstrate that Livcholine?DS, at just 15?% of the inclusion rate of choline chloride, affords superior zootechnical and hepatic outcomes, confirming its value as a sustainable natural alternative.},
      keywords = {Livcholine DS, swine, natural choline, growth performance, liver enzymes},
      month = {June},
  }