Laboratory Safety and Diagnostic Reliability Framework for Resource-Constrained Blood Bank Operations

• Author(s): Akonasu Qudus Hungbo ; Christiana Adeyemi
• Paper ID: 1709975
• Page: 295-318
• Published Date: 31-10-2019
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 3 Issue 4 October-2019

Abstract

Ensuring laboratory safety and diagnostic reliability in blood bank operations is critical to patient care, particularly in resource-constrained settings where limitations in infrastructure, training, and equipment heighten operational risks. This study presents a Laboratory Safety and Diagnostic Reliability Framework tailored for blood banks operating under such constraints, aiming to enhance transfusion safety, reduce diagnostic errors, and protect laboratory personnel. The framework integrates biosafety protocols, standardized diagnostic workflows, quality control measures, and capacity-building strategies to create a resilient and sustainable operational model. Core components include risk assessment procedures for handling bloodborne pathogens, safe storage and disposal practices, and the adoption of low-cost biosafety innovations. The diagnostic reliability component emphasizes standard operating procedures (SOPs) for blood typing, crossmatching, and infectious disease screening, supported by external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) and internal quality controls. Emphasis is placed on harmonizing manual and semi-automated techniques to improve result accuracy despite limited automation. A pilot implementation across three district-level blood banks in a low-resource region demonstrated measurable improvements in safety compliance and diagnostic accuracy. Reported incidents of occupational exposure declined by 42%, while proficiency test scores in blood grouping and screening assays improved by over 30%. Staff feedback highlighted the benefits of visual job aids, simulation-based training, and protocol simplification in enhancing compliance and reducing errors. Despite infrastructural and supply chain limitations, the framework proved adaptable and scalable, offering a strategic model for laboratory strengthening in underserved areas. Key challenges included inconsistent reagent supply, workforce shortages, and gaps in maintenance of cold chain equipment, which were mitigated through local partnerships, training programs, and periodic supervisory visits. This framework reinforces the importance of structured laboratory management systems in achieving safe and reliable blood bank services. It calls for policy-level commitment, targeted investments, and international collaboration to scale its implementation. Ultimately, the approach supports broader health system resilience and safer transfusion practices in low- and middle-income countries.

Keywords

Blood Bank, Laboratory Safety, Diagnostic Reliability, Resource-Constrained Settings, Biosafety, Transfusion Safety, Quality Control, Low-Cost Interventions, Sops, Healthcare Strengthening.

Citations

IRE Journals:
Akonasu Qudus Hungbo , Christiana Adeyemi "Laboratory Safety and Diagnostic Reliability Framework for Resource-Constrained Blood Bank Operations" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 3 Issue 4 2019 Page 295-318

IEEE:
Akonasu Qudus Hungbo , Christiana Adeyemi "Laboratory Safety and Diagnostic Reliability Framework for Resource-Constrained Blood Bank Operations" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 3(4)