Screening for Antimicrobials and Phytochemical and Assessing the Therapeutic Efficacy of the Extracts from The Foliage and Stem Bark of the Designated Medicinal Species Crateva Adansonii Against Multi- Drug Resistant S. Typhi

• Author(s): Tripti Kashyap ; Dr. M K Dwivedi
• Paper ID: 1710007
• Page: 166-173
• Published Date: 11-08-2025
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 9 Issue 2 August-2025

Abstract

The escalating prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi poses a significant threat to public health, particularly in low- and middle- income countries. In response to the dwindling effectiveness of conventional antibiotics, medicinal plants offer a promising alternative due to their rich phytochemical profiles and traditional use inethnomedicine. This review explores the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory properties of Crateva adansonii, focusing on its foliage and stem bark extracts. Phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and other bioactive compounds known to disrupt bacterial cell walls, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, and modulate inflammatory responses. Methanolic leaf extracts exhibit potent in-vitro antibacterial activity against MDR S. typhi, with significant zones of inhibition and favorable minimum inhibitory concentrations. While in-vivo and clinical data remain limited, preliminary findings suggest a potential synergistic effect with standard antibiotics and a role in mitigating inflammation-induced complications. The review underscores the therapeutic promise of C. adansonii, advocating for standardized extraction protocols, toxicological evaluations, and well-structured clinical trials to validate its efficacy and safety in typhoid fever management.

Keywords

Crateva adansonii, typhoid fever, multidrug-resistantSalmonellatyphi,phytochemicals, antimicrobialactivity, methanolic extract, herbal medicine, anti- inflammatory.

Citations

IRE Journals:
Tripti Kashyap , Dr. M K Dwivedi "Screening for Antimicrobials and Phytochemical and Assessing the Therapeutic Efficacy of the Extracts from The Foliage and Stem Bark of the Designated Medicinal Species Crateva Adansonii Against Multi- Drug Resistant S. Typhi" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 2 2025 Page 166-173

IEEE:
Tripti Kashyap , Dr. M K Dwivedi "Screening for Antimicrobials and Phytochemical and Assessing the Therapeutic Efficacy of the Extracts from The Foliage and Stem Bark of the Designated Medicinal Species Crateva Adansonii Against Multi- Drug Resistant S. Typhi" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(2)