Abstract
Breast cancer remains a chronic global public health problem, with its etiology governed by a range of reproductive and familial determinants. Despite numerous epidemiologic investigations into risk factors like menarche, menopause, ever breastfed and family history of breast cancer, evidence remains heterogeneous and in most cases, statistically inconclusive. This paper aims to evaluate the statistical significance of breast cancer determinants using permutation test. The data was sourced via Pubmed, Science Direct, Medline, Rechargegate and Google scholar. The random-effects model was employed for the analysis. Odd ratio was used as a measure of the association of breast cancer determinants in women. It was found that the value of age at menarche and age at menopause is given as 0.061 & 0.008 respectively. This paper concluded that on the basis of the data presented and analyzed, it show that menarche, menopause and family history of breast cancer were strong risk factor for breast cancer while ever breast was not. This paper recommended that menarche, menopause and family history of breast cancer are strong risk factor for breast cancer and it should be included in sensitization and also client counselling.
Keywords
Permutation test; Breast Cancer; Meta-regression.
Citations
IRE Journals:
Umoh Effiong , Adehi M. U. , Nweze N O. , Bilkisu M
"Evaluation of the Significance of Breast Cancer Determinants Using Permutation Test" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 2 2025 Page 1010-1013
IEEE:
Umoh Effiong , Adehi M. U. , Nweze N O. , Bilkisu M
"Evaluation of the Significance of Breast Cancer Determinants Using Permutation Test" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(2)
About IRE Journals
IRE Journals is an open access online journals established with an aim to publish high quality of research work in various diciplines. We have more than 6 years in publications. Over 2500+ papers already published.
Important Links
For Authors
Volume 8:
Issue 1, Issue 2, Issue 3, Issue 4, Issue 5, Issue 6, Issue 7, Issue 8, Issue 9, Issue 10, Issue 11, Issue 12Volume 7:
Issue 1, Issue 2, Issue 3, Issue 4, Issue 5, Issue 6, Issue 7, Issue 8, Issue 9, Issue 10, Issue 11, Issue 12Volume 6:
Issue 1, Issue 2, Issue 3, Issue 4, Issue 5, Issue 6, Issue 7, Issue 8, Issue 9, Issue 10, Issue 11, Issue 12Volume 5:
Issue 1, Issue 2, Issue 3, Issue 4, Issue 5, Issue 6, Issue 7, Issue 8, Issue 9, Issue 10, Issue 11, Issue 12Volume 4:
Issue 1, Issue 2, Issue 3, Issue 4, Issue 5, Issue 6, Issue 7, Issue 8, Issue 9, Issue 10, Issue 11, Issue 12Volume 3:
Issue 1, Issue 2, Issue 3, Issue 4, Issue 5, Issue 6, Issue 7, Issue 8, Issue 9, Issue 10, Issue 11, Issue 12