Oxidative Potential, Health Risk Assessment, And Pollution Indices of Heavy Metals in Indoor and Outdoor Dust from Residences in A Southwest Nigerian Metropolis

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@article{1711389,
      author = {Abidemi Omofoyeke Oyediran, Oluwatoyin Michael Sunday},
      title = {Oxidative Potential, Health Risk Assessment, And Pollution Indices of Heavy Metals in Indoor and Outdoor Dust from Residences in A Southwest Nigerian Metropolis},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {2006-2017},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1711389.pdf},
      abstract = {One of the major air pollutants of concern is dust, which have become a global problem due to its impact on both humans and the environment. In this study, we investigated the heavy metals concentration in the settled dust obtained from residential indoor and outdoor environment in Akure metropolis, Nigeria. The oxidative potential (OP) of the dust to trigger oxidative stress upon inhalation and the health risks associated with the heavy metal content in the dust were also evaluated. A total of eight samples were collected from indoor and outdoor settled dust at different locations within the city. The heavy metal contents and water extracts of the settled dust were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The OP of the water extracts were determined using ascorbic acid (AA) assays. The mean concentration of heavy metals in the digested and extracted dust was in the order Zn> Cu> Fe> Cr> Mn> Pb> Cd > As, with Zn>Cu>Fe>Cr>Mn being more frequently detected in indoor and outdoor samples. The differences between the heavy metal content of indoor and outdoor samples were not significant. The results of the pollution indices using both contamination factor and pollution load index classifies the dust samples as having low heavy metal contamination. In the current study, the OP values in indoor and outdoor samples based on AA assay was 5 ? 1 AA nmol/min. ?g and 4 ? 1 AA nmol/min.?g dust, respectively. The OP values are in the lower range of values reported for dust samples from other cities. The target hazard quotient (THQ) calculated for each heavy metal was generally less than 1, suggesting no adverse health risk associated with the heavy metal content of the samples. Overall, the result of this study demonstrates that the dust samples have low heavy metal contamination and there is no significant health effect associated with the metal content of the sample The differences between the heavy metal content of indoor and outdoor samples were not significant. The results of the pollution indices using both contamination factor and pollution load index classifies the dust samples as having low heavy metal contamination. In the current study, the OP values in indoor and outdoor samples based on AA assay was 5 ? 1 AA nmol/min. ?g and 4 ? 1 AA nmol/min.?g dust, respectively. The OP values are in the lower range of values reported for dust samples from other cities. The target hazard quotient (THQ) calculated for each heavy metal was generally less than 1, suggesting no adverse health risk associated with the heavy metal content of the samples. Overall, the result of this study demonstrates that the dust samples have low heavy metal contamination and there is no significant health effect associated with the metal content of the samples.},
      keywords = {Air Pollution, Reactive Oxygen Species and Settled Dust.},
      month = {October},
  }