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Doctor Appointment Booking System Using MERN Stack: A Systematic Review and Analysis
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Comp Healthcare Information Systems
Abstract
Scope: The healthcare sector is increasingly reliant on digital appointment-scheduling platforms to overcome inefficiencies of manual/phone-based booking (e.g., long waiting times, poor resource utilisation). This paper focuses on digital appointment systems specifically built using the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) architecture. Methodology: A systematic review of published works from 2020?2025 that implement or analyse MERN (or closely related full-stack JavaScript) solutions for doctor/health-provider appointment scheduling. Findings: The MERN stack offers benefits such as single-language full-stack development (JavaScript/TypeScript) and rapid front-end/back-end integration. However, critical challenges emerge: NoSQL databases like MongoDB may complicate relational modelling (doctor-patient-appointment links); authentication/authorization practices vary widely; and scalability/security issues (e.g., regulatory compliance, data integrity) are often under-analysed. Conclusion: This review identifies key gaps in existing MERN-based appointment-systems research?particularly around data integrity, security/compliance, and standard healthcare-data interoperability?and proposes future research avenues (e.g., integration with FHIR, microservices/serverless, stronger access control).
References
[1] Nandwalkar, J. R.; Bokde, Aryan K.; Adke, Parth A.; Jethe, Riddhesh S. (2025). “Doctor Appointment Booking and Handwriting Recognition System”. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology. ISSN 2456-2165. IJISRT+1
[2] Gade, Neha; Wagaskar, Aarti; Gursali, Apurva; Takale, Rupali; Kanade, R. S. (2025). “MediTrack Healthcare System”. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. MERN Stack, EMR, role-based access. IJSRSET
[3] Jambagi, R. S.; Dharani, N. V. (2025). “Development of Online Doctor’s Appointment System for Bengaluru”. IJSCI. Description: MERN stack, JWT, real-time scheduling. ijsci.com
[4] Kumar, A.; Yadav, Ayush K.; Kalse, Prem V.; Singh, Aditya K. (2025). “Medicheck: A MERN Stack Based Healthcare Management System With Multi-Role Integration”. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. IJSENT
[5] Suman; Gossain, K. (2025). “Design and Implementation of a Full-Stack Healthcare Appointment Scheduling System”. IJSRET. MERN stack, real-time updates, secure payments. IJSRET
[6] Ravi, G.; Kamal, M. (2025). “Optimizing Healthcare Scheduling Through Machine Learning: A Role-Based Doctor Appointment System”. ISJEM Journal. MERN stack with JWT, dynamic scheduling. ISJEM Journal
[7] Sharma, Sunny; Patel, Rashid; Khan, Sehar. (2025). “Real-Time Appointment Scheduling Using MERN Stack and WebSockets”. JETIR Feb 2025, Vol.12, Issue 2. Jetir
[8] “Hospital Management Application using MERN Stack.” GeeksforGeeks, last updated 23 Jul 2025. (Tutorial/overview). GeeksforGeeks
[9] Kaur, H., & Rani, S. (2021). Comparative Analysis of SQL and NoSQL Databases for Healthcare Big Data Applications. Journal of King Saud University – Computer and Information Sciences, 33(6), 693–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2019.01.010
[10] Bender, D., & Sartipi, K. (2013). HL7 FHIR: An Agile and RESTful Approach to Healthcare Information Exchange. IEEE 26th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS), 326–331. https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.2013.6627810
How to cite this paper
@article{1712066,
author = {Saloni Patil, Shruti Rohidas Ransing, Shilpa Sanjay Vantalkar, Purvii Sanjay Dhaybar},
title = {Doctor Appointment Booking System Using MERN Stack: A Systematic Review and Analysis},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2025},
volume = {9},
number = {5},
pages = {1628-1632},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1712066.pdf},
abstract = {Scope: The healthcare sector is increasingly reliant on digital appointment-scheduling platforms to overcome inefficiencies of manual/phone-based booking (e.g., long waiting times, poor resource utilisation). This paper focuses on digital appointment systems specifically built using the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) architecture.
Methodology: A systematic review of published works from 2020?2025 that implement or analyse MERN (or closely related full-stack JavaScript) solutions for doctor/health-provider appointment scheduling.
Findings: The MERN stack offers benefits such as single-language full-stack development (JavaScript/TypeScript) and rapid front-end/back-end integration. However, critical challenges emerge: NoSQL databases like MongoDB may complicate relational modelling (doctor-patient-appointment links); authentication/authorization practices vary widely; and scalability/security issues (e.g., regulatory compliance, data integrity) are often under-analysed.
Conclusion: This review identifies key gaps in existing MERN-based appointment-systems research?particularly around data integrity, security/compliance, and standard healthcare-data interoperability?and proposes future research avenues (e.g., integration with FHIR, microservices/serverless, stronger access control).},
month = {November},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I5-1712066}
}