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The Influence of Parental Religious Belief and Parental Gender on Gender Disparity In Choice of Discipline Among Undergraduate Students in Federal Universities In North West Nigeria
Subject area: Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities · Area of research: Education
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of parental socio-cultural factors on gender disparity in students? choice of academic disciplines in universities in North-West Nigeria. The problem addressed in the study arises from persistent inequalities in male and female participation across fields of study, particularly the underrepresentation of girls in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and the concentration of boys in non-care professions. The study specifically examined how parental religious beliefs, parental gender, parental level of education, and parental occupational background contribute to gendered academic choices among undergraduate students. A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire validated through expert review. The population comprised undergraduate students in selected universities in North-West Nigeria. Findings revealed significant associations between parental socio-cultural factors and students? gendered educational pathways. Parental religious orientation, gender norms, educational attainment, and occupational roles collectively shaped expectations, motivation, and discipline choices of male and female students. Results further showed that these parental influences reinforce gender stereotypes and contribute to unequal participation across academic disciplines. The study concludes that addressing parental socio-cultural constraints is essential to reducing gender disparities and promoting equitable access to diverse fields of study.
Keywords
Parental Factors, Socio-Cultural Influences, Gender Disparity, Academic Discipline, Undergraduates, North-West Nigeria.
References
[1] Abdu-Raheem, B. O. (2012). The influence of gender on secondary school students’ academic performance in South-West Nigeria. Journal of Social Sciences, 31(1), 93–98.
[2] Adeyemi, M. B. (2013). Factors influencing the choice of geography as an optional subject: A case of a senior secondary school in Botswana. Journal of Social Science, 20(2), 101–104.
[3] Adeyemi, M. B., & Akpotu. (2014). Gender analysis of student enrolment in Nigerian universities. Humanity and Social Science and Law, 48(3), 361–378.
[4] Akinlolu, M. (2022). Gender stereotypes and career choices: A cross-sectional study on a group of South African students in construction programs. Acta Structilia, 29(2), 83–115.
[5] Angwaomaodoko, E. (2023). Influence of gender on career choice and academic performance. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 11(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijeld
[6] Collins, E. A. (2016). The relationship between gender stereotyping and the enrollment pattern of students in Federal College of Education, Kano (Unpublished master’s thesis).
[7] Eyo, M. B., & Edet, P. B. (2013). Gender and occupational preference among senior high school students in Cross River State, Nigeria. International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, 5(18), 327–341.
[8] Edinyang. (2014). Socio-cultural factors affecting the teaching and learning of social studies in Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(24), 153–160.
[9] Gaspard, H., Dicke, A. L., Flunger, B., Schreier, B., Häfner, I., Trautwein, U., & Nagengast, B. (2015). More value through greater differentiation: Gender differences in value beliefs about math. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107(3), 663–677.
[10] Hartman, L. W. (2013). The influence of the family environment on personality. Psychological Bulletin, 187–203.
[11] Jawaher, A. A. (2016). Gender and subject choice in higher education in Saudi Arabia (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of York.
[12] Jude, O. (2020). Influence of gender, location and parental factors on career choice of senior secondary school students. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(3), 260–269. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.73.7768
[13] Kennedy, E. (2012). Changes in educational inequality in China, 1990–2005: Evidence from population census data. In E. Hannum et al. (Eds.), Globalization, changing demographics, and educational challenges in East Asia (pp. 123–152).
[14] Mohammad, I. M. (2013). Career choices of secondary students with special reference to gender, type of stream and parental education. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(20).
[15] Mwaura, M. N. (2020). Gender differences in career aspiration among public secondary school students in Nairobi County, Kenya. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Development, 2(9), 16–25.
[16] Otieno, & Ndayambaje (2015). Gender mainstreaming in basic education in the Northern Region. Legon Journal of Sociology, 4(2), 1–25.
[17] Novrina, B. O. (2016). Gender stereotyping in career choices of college students. International Journal of Education and Research, 4(7).
[18] Nworgu, B. G. (2015). Educational research: Basic issues and methodology (3rd ed.). University Trust Publishers.
[19] Papanastasiou, E. C. (2020). The role of fathers in girls’ career choices. Journal of Research in Gender Studies, 10(1), 40–63.
[20] Sharif, N., Ahmad, N., & Sarwar, S. (2019). Factors influencing career choices. IBT Journal of Business Studies, 1(1).
[21] Saleh, S. T. (2021). The influence of gender stereotyping and demographic factors on academic choice: The case of the University of Debrecen. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 12(2), 145–163. https://doi.org/10.1556/063.2021.00056
[22] Sax, L. J., Lehman, K. J., Jacobs, J. A., Kanny, M. A., Lim, G., Monje-Paulson, L., & Zimmerman, H. B. (2017). Anatomy of an enduring gender gap: The evolution of women’s participation in computer science. The Journal of Higher Education, 88(2), 258–293.
[23] Uzoma, C. (2002). Factors associated with gender disparity in enrolment patterns in Nigerian universities (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
[24] Yamane, T. (1967). Statistics: An introductory analysis (2nd ed.). Harper & Row.
[25] Abdu-Raheem, B. O. (2012). The influence of gender on secondary school students’ academic performance in South-West Nigeria. Journal of Social Sciences, 31(1), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2012.11893018
[26] Adeyemi, M. B. (2013). Factors influencing the choice of geography as an optional subject: A case of a senior secondary school in Botswana. Journal of Social Science, 20(2), 101–104.
[27] Adeyemi, M. B., & Akpotu. (2014). Gender analysis of student enrolment in Nigerian universities. Humanity and Social Science and Law, 48(3), 361–378.
[28] Akinlolu, M. (2022). Gender stereotypes and career choices: A cross-sectional study on a group of South African students in construction programs. Acta Structilia, 29(2), 83–115.
[29] Angwaomaodoko, E. (2023). Influence of gender on career choice and academic performance. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 11(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.37745/ijeld
[30] Collins, E. A. (2016). The relationship between gender stereotyping and the enrollment pattern of students in Federal College of Education, Kano (Unpublished master’s thesis).
[31] Eyo, M. B., & Edet, P. B. (2013). Gender and occupational preference among senior high school students in Cross River State, Nigeria. International Multi-Disciplinary Journal, 5(18), 327–341.
[32] Edinyang. (2014). Socio-cultural factors affecting the teaching and learning of social studies in Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(24), 153–160.
[33] Gaspard, H., Dicke, A. L., Flunger, B., Schreier, B., Häfner, I., Trautwein, U., & Nagengast, B. (2015). More value through greater differentiation: Gender differences in value beliefs about math. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107(3), 663–677.
[34] Hartman, L. W. (2013). The influence of the family environment on personality. Psychological Bulletin, 187–203.
[35] Jawaher, A. A. (2016). Gender and subject choice in higher education in Saudi Arabia (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of York.
[36] Jude, O. (2020). Influence of gender, location and parental factors on career choice of senior secondary schoolstudents. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(3), 260–269. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.73.7768
[37] Kennedy, E. (2012). Changes in educational inequality in China, 1990–2005: Evidence from population census data. In E. Hannum et al. (Eds.), Globalization, changing demographics, and educational challenges in East Asia (pp. 123–152).
[38] Mohammad, I. M. (2013). Career choices of secondary students with special reference to gender, type of stream and parental education. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(20).
[39] Mwaura, M. N. (2020). Gender differences in career aspiration among public secondary school students in Nairobi County, Kenya. American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Development, 2(9), 16–25.
[40] Otieno, & Ndayambaje (2015). Gender mainstreaming in basic education in the Northern Region. Legon Journal of Sociology, 4(2), 1–25.
[41] Novrina, B. O. (2016). Gender stereotyping in career choices of college students. International Journal of Education and Research, 4(7).
[42] Nworgu, B. G. (2015). Educational research: Basic issues and methodology (3rd ed.). University Trust Publishers.
[43] Papanastasiou, E. C. (2020). The role of fathers in girls’ career choices. Journal of Research in Gender Studies, 10(1), 40–63.
[44] Sharif, N., Ahmad, N., & Sarwar, S. (2019). Factors influencing career choices. IBT Journal of Business Studies, 1(1).
[45] Saleh, S. T. (2021). The influence of gender stereotyping and demographic factors on academic choice: The case of the University of Debrecen. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 12(2), 145–163. https://doi.org/10.1556/063.2021.00056
[46] Sax, L. J., Lehman, K. J., Jacobs, J. A., Kanny, M. A., Lim, G., Monje-Paulson, L., & Zimmerman, H. B. (2017). Anatomy of an enduring gender gap: The evolution of women’s participation in computer science. The Journal of Higher Education, 88(2), 258–293.
[47] Uzoma, C. (2002). Factors associated with gender disparity in enrolment patterns in Nigerian universities (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
[48] Yamane, T. (1967). Statistics: An introductory analysis (2nd ed.). Harper & Row.
How to cite this paper
@article{1712091,
author = {Ahmed Kasimu, Maryam Yakubu, Abbas Alhaji Usaini},
title = {The Influence of Parental Religious Belief and Parental Gender on Gender Disparity In Choice of Discipline Among Undergraduate Students in Federal Universities In North West Nigeria},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2025},
volume = {9},
number = {5},
pages = {1151-1172},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1712091.pdf},
abstract = {This study investigated the influence of parental socio-cultural factors on gender disparity in students? choice of academic disciplines in universities in North-West Nigeria. The problem addressed in the study arises from persistent inequalities in male and female participation across fields of study, particularly the underrepresentation of girls in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) and the concentration of boys in non-care professions. The study specifically examined how parental religious beliefs, parental gender, parental level of education, and parental occupational background contribute to gendered academic choices among undergraduate students. A descriptive survey research design was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire validated through expert review. The population comprised undergraduate students in selected universities in North-West Nigeria. Findings revealed significant associations between parental socio-cultural factors and students? gendered educational pathways. Parental religious orientation, gender norms, educational attainment, and occupational roles collectively shaped expectations, motivation, and discipline choices of male and female students. Results further showed that these parental influences reinforce gender stereotypes and contribute to unequal participation across academic disciplines. The study concludes that addressing parental socio-cultural constraints is essential to reducing gender disparities and promoting equitable access to diverse fields of study.},
keywords = {Parental Factors, Socio-Cultural Influences, Gender Disparity, Academic Discipline, Undergraduates, North-West Nigeria.},
month = {November},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I5-1712091}
}