Response of Broiler Finisher Birds to Different Dietary Levels of Palm Kernel Cake

References

[1] Smith, A.J., 1990. Poultry. Tropical Agriculturist Series MacMillan. Ibadan. Nigeria, pp: 138-147.

[2] Oluyemi, J.A. and F.A. Robert, 2000. Poultry production in warm wet climate. Spectrum Books Ltd. Ibadan. Nigeria, pp: 143-146.

[3] A.H. Hakim, I. Zulkifli, A.S. Farjam, E.A. Awad, S.K. Ramiah, Impact of Feeding Fermented Palm Kernel Cake and High Dietary Fat on Nutrient Digestibility, Enzyme Activity, Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Nutrient Transporters mRNA Expression in Broiler Chickens under Hot and Humid Condition. Animals 12 (2022) 882.

[4] A.A. El-Deek, A.A.A. Abdal-Warath, M. Osman, Alternative feed ingredients in the finisher diets for sustainable broiler production. Scientific Reports 10 (2020) 17743.

[5] P. Maharjan, D.A. Martinez, J. Weil, N. Suesuttajit, C. Umberson, G. Mullenix, K.M. Hilton, A. Beitia, C.N. Coon, Physiological growth trend of current meat broilers and dietary protein and energy management approaches for sustainable broiler production. Animal 15 (2021) 100284.

[6] M. Abougabal, M. Taboosha, Productive performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens at different marketing ages. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal 40 (2020) 275–289.

[7] O.O. Tewe, M. Bokanga, Post harvest technologies in Nigeria's livestock industry: status challenges and capacities. Paper presented at the GFAR-GIPhT Conference, (2001).

[8] K.U. Amaefule, C.C. Nwaokoro, F.C. Uheukumore, The effect of feeding graded levels of raw pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seed meal on the performance, nutrient retention and carcass characteristics of weaned rabbits. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 31 (2004) 194–199.

[9] Negesse T, Makkar HPS, Becker K.. Nutritive value of some non-conventional feed resources of Ethiopia determined by chemical analyses and an in vitro gas method. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2009;154(3–4):204–217

[10] Azizi MN, Loh TC, Foo HL, et al. Is palm kernel cake a suitable alternative feed ingredient for poultry? Animals. 2021;11(2):338. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed]

[11] Kum W,H, Zahari MW. Utilisation of oil palm by-products as ruminant feed in Malaysia. J Oil Palm Res. 2011;23:1029–1035.

[12] Kperegbeyi JI, Ikperite SE. The effectiveness of replacing maize with palm kernel cake in broilers’ starter diets. J Environ Issues Agric Dev Ctries. 2011;3(1):145–149.

[13] Nuzul Amri I. Characteristics of Malaysian palm kernel and its products. J Oil Palm Res. 2013;25(2):245–252.

[14] Sharmila, A.; Alimon, A.R.; Azhar, K.; Noor, H.M.; Samsudin, A.A. Improving nutritional values of palm kernel cake (PKC) as poultry feeds: A review. Malays. J. Anim. Sci. 2014, 17, 1–18.

[15] Abdollahi, M.R.; Hosking, B.; Ravindran, V. Nutrient analysis, metabolisable energy and ileal amino acid digestibility of palm kernel meal for broilers. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 2015, 206, 119–125.

[16] Alshelmani, M.; Kaka, U.; Abdalla, E.; Humam, A.; Zamani, H. Effect of feeding fermented and non-fermented palm kernel cake on the performance of broiler chickens: A review. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 2021, 77, 377–388.

[17] Ministry of Land and Survey (MLS), Imo State cartographic unit. (2004).

[18] A.O.K. Adesehinwa, Utilization of Palm kernel cake as a replacement for maize in diets of growing pigs: Effects on performance, serum metabolism, nutrient digestibility and cost of feed conversion. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 13 (2007) 593–600.

[19] M.A. Soltan, Growth Performance, immune response and carcass traits of broiler chicks fed on graded levels of Palm kernel cake without or with enzyme supplementation. Livestock Research for Rural Development 21 (2009).

[20] O. Oyediji, Feed Mill management in Nigeria. Jimmy Virgo press LTD, Lagos, Nigeria, (2006) 50–78.

@article{1713789,
      author = {Ihekaire Owen Ezenna , T. K. Obih, Augustine U. Agobi, Victoria Chioma Ayozie-Samuel, Benadine Okelue Kosiso; OriakuNzubechi Augustine },
      title = {Response of Broiler Finisher Birds to Different Dietary Levels of Palm Kernel Cake},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {7},
      pages = {1805-1810},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1713789.pdf},
      abstract = {This experiment assessed the impact of replacing maize with palm kernel cake on broiler nisher birds as energy source. Sixty marshell breed broiler birds of 28 days old were randomly distributed into four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates of five birds each. The dietary treatments were: T1 (10% PKC), T2 (20% PKC), T3 (30% PKC), and control T4 (0% PKC). The experiment lasted 28 days. Analysis of the results revealed that the final body weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed cost per kilogram of gain were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by the dietary treatment. Birds under T1 (10% PKC) recorded the maximum final body weight (2973.3g), and the maximum gain in growth (1293.0g), with the least FCR (3.21). The control (T4) performed the least in all the above parameters. There was no significant difference(P>0.05) in the mean weight gain. Carcass characteristics showed significant difference(P<0.05) in the heart, liver and intestine. We conclude that palm kernel cake at a 10% inclusion level is a superior energy source in enhancing weight gain and economic efficiency in marshell broiler finisher production.},
      keywords = {Response, Broiler Finisher, Dietary Levels, Palm Kernel Cake},
      month = {January},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I7-1713789}
  }