Signature Verification Using Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP)

@article{1714813,
      author = {Dr. Atluri Sri Krishna, Tarun Kukkapalli, Mallela Janaki Ram Sai, Ponduri Sai Teja, Thatha Narasimha Rao},
      title = {Signature Verification Using Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP)},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {9},
      pages = {284-290},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1714813.pdf},
      abstract = {Signature verification is a challenging biometric problem due to high intra-class variation and skilled forgeries. Traditional texture-based descriptors such as Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Directional Pattern (LDP) have been widely used for this task; however, their sensitivity to rotation limits robustness. This work presents an offline signature verification system based on the Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP), which inherently embeds rotation invariance into its formulation. Experimental evaluation on genuine and forged signatures demonstrates that LOOP-based features achieve superior discrimination compared to LBP and LDP.},
      keywords = {Local Binary Pattern, Local Directional Pattern, Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern, Rotation Invariance, Texture Descriptors, Pattern Recognition},
      month = {March},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I9-1714813}
  }