Signature Verification Using Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP)

• Author(s): Dr. Atuluri Sri Krishna; Tarun Kukkapalli; Mallela Janakiram; Ponduri Saiteja; Thatha Narasimharao
• Paper ID: 1714813
• Page: 284-290
• Published Date: 09-03-2026
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 9 Issue 9 March-2026

Abstract

Signature verification is a challenging biometric problem due to high intra-class variation and skilled forgeries. Traditional texture-based descriptors such as Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Directional Pattern (LDP) have been widely used for this task; however, their sensitivity to rotation limits robustness. This work presents an offline signature verification system based on the Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP), which inherently embeds rotation invariance into its formulation. Experimental evaluation on genuine and forged signatures demonstrates that LOOP-based features achieve superior discrimination compared to LBP and LDP.

Keywords

Local Binary Pattern, Local Directional Pattern, Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern, Rotation Invariance, Texture Descriptors, Pattern Recognition

Citations

IRE Journals:
Dr. Atuluri Sri Krishna, Tarun Kukkapalli, Mallela Janakiram, Ponduri Saiteja, Thatha Narasimharao "Signature Verification Using Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP)" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 9 2026 Page 284-290 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I9-1714813

IEEE:
Dr. Atuluri Sri Krishna, Tarun Kukkapalli, Mallela Janakiram, Ponduri Saiteja, Thatha Narasimharao "Signature Verification Using Local Optimal-Oriented Pattern (LOOP)" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(9) https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I9-1714813