A Critical Analysis of the Causes and Socio-Economic Impacts of Fire Disasters in Main Market, Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria

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@article{1716651,
      author = {Agbili Martin Onyedikachukwu, Ogbo Ojiako Godfrey},
      title = {A Critical Analysis of the Causes and Socio-Economic Impacts of Fire Disasters in Main Market, Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {10},
      pages = {3418-3430},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1716651.pdf},
      abstract = {Fire disasters represent a significant urban risk in developing countries, particularly within informal market environments characterized by high density, weak regulation, and inadequate infrastructure. This study critically examines the causes and socio-economic impacts of fire disasters in Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State, Nigeria, using a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis approach. A total of 17 relevant studies were selected through a PRISMA-guided process and analyzed thematically. The findings reveal that fire incidents in market settings are driven by a combination of technical, human, and structural factors. Electrical faults, arising from illegal connections and poor wiring systems, emerged as the most frequent triggers, while unsafe practices such as the use of open flames and improper storage of flammable materials further increase fire risk. Structural issues, including overcrowding and poor market layout, exacerbate fire spread and hinder emergency response. The study also highlights the profound socio-economic consequences of fire disasters, including loss of capital, business disruption, and increased poverty among traders. At a broader level, recurrent fires undermine market stability, disrupt supply chains, and weaken urban economic resilience. These impacts are reinforced by systemic weaknesses such as weak regulatory enforcement, inadequate preparedness, and the informality of market systems. The study concludes that effective fire risk management in Onitsha Main Market requires integrated, multi-dimensional strategies addressing both immediate hazards and underlying institutional challenges.},
      keywords = {Fire disasters; Informal markets; Onitsha Main Market; Socio-economic impacts; Urban risk; Disaster risk management; Nigeria},
      month = {April},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I10-1716651}
  }