International Peer-Reviewed JournalOpen AccessISSN 2456-8880
irejournals@gmail.com+91-7433024337

Home / Current Issue / Paper 1717962

1717962 Vol 9 · Issue 11 Download Paper

Elements of Performance in Sokoto's Digital Spoken Word: An Analysis of Stylistic and Performative Techniques in Kenyan Online Oral Literature

Dennis Wabuyaka Waswa

Subject area: Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities  ·  Area of research: Digital Oral Literature & Performance Studies

DOI: https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1717962

Abstract

This study examines the elements of performance that Sokoto, a Kenyan spoken word artist, deploys in his digitally mediated oral literary productions. Drawing on performance theory and oral literature scholarship, the paper analyses eight key elements setting, sound and music accompaniments, actor-performer dynamics, vocal skills, lighting, repetition, gestures, body and vocal technique across a corpus of eighteen spoken word pieces shared on digital platforms. The study is grounded in the theoretical frameworks of performance studies and digital humanities, employing close textual and performative analysis as its methodological approach. The findings reveal that Sokoto integrates traditional oral performance conventions with the affordances of digital technology to construct immersive, aesthetically rich experiences for his online audience. The digitisation of spoken word does not diminish performative depth; rather, it reconfigures and amplifies the communicative and aesthetic functions of classical performance elements. The study contributes to the growing body of scholarship on African digital oral literature and demonstrates that spoken word in online spaces constitutes a legitimate, evolving genre deserving sustained academic attention.

Keywords

Spoken Word, Digital Performance, Oral Literature, Sokoto, Kenya, Performance Elements, Aesthetic Value

References

[1] Adams, D. (1986). Voice and diction: A programme for improvement. Harcourt Brace.

[2] Anpe, G. A. (2014). Elements of theatre arts. University of Port Harcourt Press.

[3] Archer, R., & Gendrich, C. (1999). Sound design for theatre: Principles and practice. Heinemann.

[4] Asomba, J. U. (2006). Stage lighting and its psychological impact on performance audiences. In Perspectives on African theatre (pp. 310–325). University of Lagos Press.

[5] Brockett, O. G., & Ball, R. J. (2004). The essential theatre (8th ed.). Thomson/Wadsworth.

[6] Brockett, O. G., & Ball, R. J. (2014). The essential theatre (11th ed.). Cengage Learning.

[7] Campbell, P. (2004). Performing the body: Corporeal presence and theatrical signification. Theatre Research International, 29(2), 112–128.

[8] Finnegan, R. (1977). Oral poetry: Its nature, significance and social context. Cambridge University Press.

[9] Leech, G. N. (1985). A linguistic guide to English poetry. Longman.

[10] Masese, R. T. (2021). Performance and meaning in East African oral literature. Moi University Press.

[11] Mugubi, J. (2017). Acting: Principles and practices in African theatre. Sasa Sema Publications.

[12] Okpewho, I. (1990). The oral performance in Africa. Spectrum Books.

[13] Pavis, P. (2003). Analyzing performance: Theatre, dance and film (D. Williams, Trans.). University of Michigan Press.

[14] Rangacharya, A. (2005). Introduction to Bharata’s Natyasastra. Popular Prakashan.

[15] Schechner, R. (2006). Performance studies: An introduction (2nd ed.). Routledge.

[16] Shepherd, S., & Wallis, M. (2004). Drama/theatre/performance. Routledge.

[17] Wilson, E., & Goldfarb, A. (2002). Living theatre: A history (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

[18] Wolf, R. C., & Block, D. (2013). Scene design and stage lighting (10th ed.). Wadsworth.

How to cite this paper

Dennis Wabuyaka Waswa "Elements of Performance in Sokoto's Digital Spoken Word: An Analysis of Stylistic and Performative Techniques in Kenyan Online Oral Literature" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 11 2026 Page 3095-3103 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1717962
Dennis Wabuyaka Waswa "Elements of Performance in Sokoto's Digital Spoken Word: An Analysis of Stylistic and Performative Techniques in Kenyan Online Oral Literature" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 9, no. 11, May. 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1717962
Dennis Wabuyaka Waswa (2026). Elements of Performance in Sokoto's Digital Spoken Word: An Analysis of Stylistic and Performative Techniques in Kenyan Online Oral Literature. Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(11). doi: https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1717962
Dennis Wabuyaka Waswa "Elements of Performance in Sokoto's Digital Spoken Word: An Analysis of Stylistic and Performative Techniques in Kenyan Online Oral Literature" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 9, no. 11, May. 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1717962
@article{1717962,
      author = {Dennis Wabuyaka Waswa},
      title = {Elements of Performance in Sokoto's Digital Spoken Word: An Analysis of Stylistic and Performative Techniques in Kenyan Online Oral Literature},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {11},
      pages = {3095-3103},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1717962.pdf},
      abstract = {This study examines the elements of performance that Sokoto, a Kenyan spoken word artist, deploys in his digitally mediated oral literary productions. Drawing on performance theory and oral literature scholarship, the paper analyses eight key elements setting, sound and music accompaniments, actor-performer dynamics, vocal skills, lighting, repetition, gestures, body and vocal technique across a corpus of eighteen spoken word pieces shared on digital platforms. The study is grounded in the theoretical frameworks of performance studies and digital humanities, employing close textual and performative analysis as its methodological approach. The findings reveal that Sokoto integrates traditional oral performance conventions with the affordances of digital technology to construct immersive, aesthetically rich experiences for his online audience. The digitisation of spoken word does not diminish performative depth; rather, it reconfigures and amplifies the communicative and aesthetic functions of classical performance elements. The study contributes to the growing body of scholarship on African digital oral literature and demonstrates that spoken word in online spaces constitutes a legitimate, evolving genre deserving sustained academic attention.},
      keywords = {Spoken Word, Digital Performance, Oral Literature, Sokoto, Kenya, Performance Elements, Aesthetic Value},
      month = {May},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1717962}
  }