Current Volume 9
Chemical Composition and Phytochemical Profiling of Phyllanthus Niruri Aqueous Leaf Extract
Abstract
This study investigated the chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, mineral profile, and vitamin composition of Phyllanthus niruri aqueous leaf extract using standard analytical techniques. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed the presence of several bioactive volatile compounds, including 11-octadecanoic acid methyl ester (33.38%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (21.45%), hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (14.61%), and 1-octadecene (8.78%). Qualitative phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoid, alkaloid, phenol, tannin, saponin, and curcumin. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed alkaloid as the most abundant phytochemical constituent (68.76 ± 0.49 mg/g), phenol (57.70 ± 0.42 mg/g) and flavonoid (30.46 ± 0.08 mg/g) respectively. Mineral analysis indicated that calcium possessed the highest concentration (9.04 ± 0.02 ppm), while sodium had the lowest value (0.47 ± 0.01 ppm). Water-soluble vitamin analysis revealed that vitamin C was the most abundant (49.32 ± 0.00 mg/L), whereas vitamin E exhibited the highest concentration among fat-soluble vitamins (91.74 ± 0.01 mg/L). Proximate analysis showed high protein content (64.71 ± 0.44%), indicating the nutritional significance of the plant. The findings suggest that P. niruri aqueous leaf extract is rich in essential bioactive compounds and nutrients that may contribute to its medicinal efficacy and antioxidant properties. Therefore, P. niruri possesses strong potential for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and therapeutic applications.
Keywords
Phyllanthus Niruri, Phytochemicals, GC-MS, Minerals, Vitamins, Aqueous Leaf Extract, Antioxidants.
Citations
IRE Journals:
Achilike, J. J., Ujowundu, C. O., Nwaogu, L. A., Iheme, C. I.; Emeagi, O. H., Njemanze, O. C.; Onyeulor, C. F. "Chemical Composition and Phytochemical Profiling of Phyllanthus Niruri Aqueous Leaf Extract" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 11 2026 Page 3884-3889 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1718158
IEEE:
Achilike, J. J., Ujowundu, C. O., Nwaogu, L. A., Iheme, C. I.; Emeagi, O. H., Njemanze, O. C.; Onyeulor, C. F.
"Chemical Composition and Phytochemical Profiling of Phyllanthus Niruri Aqueous Leaf Extract" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(11) https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I11-1718158
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