Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Personal Care Products Sold in Sango Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

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@article{1718754,
      author = {Oguntade B. K., Adegbite K. I., Abdulwasiu K. O., Pikuda O. O.},
      title = {Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Personal Care Products Sold in Sango Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {12},
      pages = {1093-1099},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1718754.pdf},
      abstract = {In this study, presence and levels of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in four (4) personal care products: Nail Polish, Lipstick, Toilet cleaner and Air freshener are reported. A total of 12 samples were used to represent three samples of each product and were purchased from the superstore around Sango-Ota. Identification and quantification of VOCs was achieved using Agilent 88860 GC-FID coupled with 7697A Headspace Sampler. The data was then analyzed using the Agilent ChemStation CDS software. Among the 37 VOCs identified, only nine were common to all the four samples selected, which are 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, Hexabutadiene, Dibromomethane, Toluene, 1,1-Dichloroethane, Dibromochloromethane, 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene, 1,2-Dichlorobenzene and Benzene. From the result it can be reported that Toluene has the highest concentration (111398.86 ppm) which is found in Nail Polish while 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane has the lowest concentration (1.43 ppm) found in Lip Stick. The Average Daily Dose and Hazard Quotient of all the VOCs studied shows that Dibromochloromethane, Toluene, and Benzene are present in the concentration of 31.19, 14.29 and 2.69 ppm respectively for Dermal while Toluene only was found in the range of (2.17E-8-1.23E-8) via inhalation. These values shows that all other VOCs are below the acceptable limit of 1 except Dibromochloromethane, Toluene & Benzene in dermal. It is noteworthy that benzene causes 4.5 times cancer risk and 8.3 times hazard quotient than any of the VOCs studied. Therefore, from this study, it could be deduced that the level of VOCs in the samples may cause adverse health challenges on the consumer/exposed individual. },
      keywords = {Hazard Quotient, Personal care Products, VOCs},
      month = {June},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I12-1718754}
  }