Xenophobic Violence in South Africa: Economic Implication for South Africa – Nigeria Relations in 21st Century

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@article{1718809,
      author = {Oriko Sylvanus Ekonesie, Dr. Clement Aliu Ogbaini},
      title = {Xenophobic Violence in South Africa: Economic Implication for South Africa – Nigeria Relations in 21st Century},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {12},
      pages = {3876-3910},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1718809.pdf},
      abstract = {This study examined Xenophobic Violence in South Africa: Economic Implication for South Africa – Nigeria Relations in 21st Century. Xenophobia has been defined as contemptuous of which is foreign, especially of strangers or of people from different countries or cultures. South Africa has been battling recurrent xenophobic attacks since the attainment of democratic rule in 1994 with major incidences in 2008, 2015 and 2017. It also  aim and examines the economic implications of xenophobic violence on Nigeria-South Africa relations, employing a survey research design. A sample of 100 respondents was selected from the general public in Nigeria, using simple random sampling from a population of 300. Primary data was collected and analyzed using the mean score rating method. The study found that Nigeria-South Africa relations have been marked by cooperation and conflict, with xenophobia exacerbating development, economic hardships, and immigration issues. The alienation of foreign nationals, particularly black immigrants in South Africa, has created a divide between "we" and "them," undermining African socialism and communalism.This study recommend that the South African government should prioritize empowering the black population to resolve apartheid contradictions and ensure a free society for all. Likewise the white minority controlling South Africa's economy must promote competition and inclusion. Xenophobic violence has significant economic implications for Nigeria-South Africa relations. Addressing the root causes of xenophobia and promoting economic empowerment and inclusion are crucial for fostering cooperation and development between the two nations. It is then recommended that the government of the South Africa should work towards fulfilling its constitutional and international obligation of protecting the lives, properties, and rights of immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers in the country, irrespective of their race or sex, creed or colour as articulated in various international agreements in which the country is signatory to.},
      keywords = {xenophobic violence, economic implementation, south africa - nigeria relation, xenophobia, economic interdependence.},
      month = {June},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I12-1718809}
  }