Automated Metal Sorting System Using Magnetic Separation and Eddy Current Roller Technology

References

[1] B. A. Wills and J. Finch, Mineral Processing Technology, 8th ed. Oxford, U.K.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2016.

[2] J. Svoboda, Magnetic Methods for the Treatment of Minerals. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2004.

[3] H. Schubert, “Magnetic separation in recycling,” Waste Management, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 143–151, 2003.

[4] P. C. Rem, C. De Vries, L. A. Van Kooy, and P. Bevilacqua, “The performance of eddy current separators for recycling,” Int. J. Mineral Processing, vol. 74, no. 1–4, pp. 191–200, 2004.

[5] J. Ruan and Z. Xu, “Optimization of eddy current separator for metal recovery,” Waste Management, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 593–600, 2012.

[6] M. Lungu, “Separation of small nonferrous particles using an eddy-current separator with permanent magnets,” Int. J. Mineral Processing, vol. 74, no. 1–4, pp. 157–169, 2004.

[7] S. Zhang, E. Forssberg, and B. Arvidson, “Metal recycling from waste materials,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 225–241, 1998.

[8] J. Cui and L. Zhang, “Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: A review,” J. Hazardous Materials, vol. 158, no. 2–3, pp. 228–256, 2008.

[9] T. Veit, A. M. Bernardes, and J. A. S. Tenório, “Recovery of copper from printed circuit boards scraps,” Minerals Engineering, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 103–112, 2005.

[10] J. Li, P. Shrivastava, Z. Gao, and H. Zhang, “Printed circuit board recycling: A state-of-the-art survey,” J. Cleaner Production, vol. 94, pp. 5–19, 2015.

[11] R. Widmer, H. Oswald-Krapf, D. Sinha-Khetriwal, M. Schnellmann, and H. Böni, “Global perspectives on e-waste,” Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 436–458, 2005.

[12] S. Das, S. Vidyadhar, and A. Sharma, “Metal recovery from industrial waste,” J. Environmental Engineering, vol. 140, no. 5, pp. 1–10, 2014.

[13] M. Tsakiridis, “Aluminum salt slag characterization and utilization,” Waste Management, vol. 32, no. 9, pp. 1767–1772, 2012.

[14] G. P. Nayaka et al., “Recovery of valuable metals from electronic waste,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 2, no. 4–5, pp. 2445–2454, 2015.

[15] S. Watson, R. G. W. Brown, and K. M. K. Yu, “Advances in recycling technologies,” Waste Management, vol. 30, no. 8–9, pp. 1625–1633, 2010.

[16] A. G. Grady, “Magnetic separation systems for industrial applications,” IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 1234–1240, 2001.

[17] D. Eddy, “Electromagnetic separation principles,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1452–1457, 2005.

[18] J. Wang, Y. Zhao, and X. Li, “Automated waste sorting system based on sensor fusion,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 123456–123465, 2020.

[19] Y. Zhao, J. Wang, and H. Chen, “Intelligent waste sorting using sensor-based techniques,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1–15, 2021.

[20] K. He, X. Zhang, and S. Ren, “Deep learning for automated waste classification,” IEEE Trans. Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 765–774, 2022.

[21] L. Xiao, H. Wang, and Y. Li, “Optimization of recycling systems for metal recovery,” J. Cleaner Production, vol. 172, pp. 145–155, 2018.

[22] P. Singh and R. Kumar, “Design of magnetic and eddy current separation system,” Int. J. Engineering Research, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 45–50, 2017.

[23] R. Kumar and A. Sharma, “Development of automated sorting machine,” IJERT, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 234–239, 2019.

[24] A. Sharma, V. Gupta, and S. Mehta, “Waste management and recycling technologies,” Int. J. Environmental Science, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 89–95, 2020.

@article{1718843,
      author = {Prof. S. S. Pawar, Sachin Ramteke, Himanshu Thote, Sahil Bagade, Ajay Raut},
      title = {Automated Metal Sorting System Using Magnetic Separation and Eddy Current Roller Technology},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {9},
      number = {12},
      pages = {1462-1468},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1718843.pdf},
      abstract = {Efficient recovery of metals from mixed waste streams remains a critical challenge in modern recycling systems due to material heterogeneity and increasing waste volume. This paper presents the design, implementation, and performance evaluation of an automated metal sorting system that integrates magnetic separation and eddy current roller technology. The system operates in two stages: ferrous metals are extracted using a permanent magnetic separator, followed by non-ferrous metal separation using a high-speed eddy current rotor. Experimental evaluation was conducted by varying conveyor speed, rotor speed, and feed rate. Results indicate that separation efficiency is strongly dependent on operational parameters, with an optimal rotor speed range and reduced efficiency at higher conveyor speeds due to limited interaction time. The system achieved ferrous separation efficiency above 90% and non-ferrous efficiency up to 91% under optimized conditions. The proposed system provides a cost-effective and scalable solution for small-scale recycling applications while highlighting the importance of parameter tuning for performance optimization.},
      keywords = {Metal Sorting, Magnetic Separation, Eddy Current Separator, Recycling Systems, Waste Management, Non-Ferrous Recovery},
      month = {June},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I12-1718843}
  }