Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded In Situ Intranasal Gel for Brain Delivery of Venlafaxine

• Author(s): Arti Dhakad; Dr. Pradeep Chauhan; Dr. Sandeep Jain; Dr. Bharat K. Tyagi
• Paper ID: 1719713
• Page: 956-964
• Published Date: 10-07-2026
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 10 Issue 1 July-2026
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719713

Abstract

Depression is a common neurological disorder that requires effective drug delivery to the brain for improved therapeutic outcomes. Venlafaxine, an antidepressant, exhibits limited brain availability due to extensive first-pass metabolism and the blood–brain barrier. The present study aims to formulate and characterize a venlafaxine-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) incorporated into an in situ intranasal gel for direct nose-to-brain delivery. The NLCs are prepared using the hot homogenization–ultrasonication method and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The optimized NLC formulation is incorporated into a thermosensitive in situ gel and assessed for pH, gelation temperature, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, and ex vivo nasal permeation. The developed formulation is expected to enhance nasal residence time, improve brain targeting, provide sustained drug release, and increase the therapeutic efficacy of venlafaxine. Therefore, the proposed NLC-loaded in situ intranasal gel represents a promising and non-invasive strategy for efficient brain delivery of venlafaxine.

Keywords

Venlafaxine, Nanostructured Lipid Carrier, In Situ Gel, Intranasal Delivery, Brain Targeting, Mucoadhesion.

Citations

IRE Journals:
Arti Dhakad, Dr. Pradeep Chauhan, Dr. Sandeep Jain, Dr. Bharat K. Tyagi "Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded In Situ Intranasal Gel for Brain Delivery of Venlafaxine" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 10 Issue 1 2026 Page 956-964 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719713

IEEE:
Arti Dhakad, Dr. Pradeep Chauhan, Dr. Sandeep Jain, Dr. Bharat K. Tyagi "Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded In Situ Intranasal Gel for Brain Delivery of Venlafaxine" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 10, no. 1, Jul. 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719713

APA:
Arti Dhakad, Dr. Pradeep Chauhan, Dr. Sandeep Jain, Dr. Bharat K. Tyagi (2026). Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded In Situ Intranasal Gel for Brain Delivery of Venlafaxine. Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 10(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719713

MLA:
Arti Dhakad, Dr. Pradeep Chauhan, Dr. Sandeep Jain, Dr. Bharat K. Tyagi "Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded In Situ Intranasal Gel for Brain Delivery of Venlafaxine" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 10, no. 1, Jul. 2026. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719713

BibTeX

@article{1719713,
author = {Arti Dhakad, Dr. Pradeep Chauhan, Dr. Sandeep Jain, Dr. Bharat K. Tyagi},
title = {Formulation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded In Situ Intranasal Gel for Brain Delivery of Venlafaxine},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2026},
volume = {10},
number = {1},
pages = {956-964},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1719713.pdf},
abstract = {Depression is a common neurological disorder that requires effective drug delivery to the brain for improved therapeutic outcomes. Venlafaxine, an antidepressant, exhibits limited brain availability due to extensive first-pass metabolism and the blood–brain barrier. The present study aims to formulate and characterize a venlafaxine-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) incorporated into an in situ intranasal gel for direct nose-to-brain delivery. The NLCs are prepared using the hot homogenization–ultrasonication method and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The optimized NLC formulation is incorporated into a thermosensitive in situ gel and assessed for pH, gelation temperature, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, and ex vivo nasal permeation. The developed formulation is expected to enhance nasal residence time, improve brain targeting, provide sustained drug release, and increase the therapeutic efficacy of venlafaxine. Therefore, the proposed NLC-loaded in situ intranasal gel represents a promising and non-invasive strategy for efficient brain delivery of venlafaxine.},
keywords = {Venlafaxine, Nanostructured Lipid Carrier, In Situ Gel, Intranasal Delivery, Brain Targeting, Mucoadhesion.},
month = {July}
}