A Hybrid Blockchain Framework for Secure and Scalable CCTV Storage in Resource-Constrained Microfinance Banks

@article{1719963,
      author = {Isichei Christian, Rita Erhovwo AKO, Asheshemi Nelson O, Chukwuemeka Anyim, Imuere Glory},
      title = {A Hybrid Blockchain Framework for Secure and Scalable CCTV Storage in Resource-Constrained Microfinance Banks},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {3165-3180},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1719963.pdf},
      abstract = {Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) systems are widely deployed in financial institutions for surveillance, fraud prevention, and regulatory compliance. Conventional centralized storage models, such as Network Video Recorders (NVRs) and cloud servers, are prone to tampering, single points of failure, and high storage costs, thereby reducing the reliability of recorded evidence. This study proposes a hybrid on-chain/off-chain blockchain framework that integrates InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) for scalable storage with blockchain smart contracts for integrity assurance. The framework incorporates machine learning-based anomaly detection to flag unusual access and storage activities. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves up to 92% accuracy in anomaly detection while significantly reducing blockchain storage overhead compared to fully on-chain models. The solution is particularly suited for microfinance banks in resource-constrained environments, providing enhanced data security, regulatory compliance, and cost efficiency.},
      keywords = {Blockchain, CCTV, Microfinance Banks, On-Chain/Off-Chain Storage, IPFS, Machine Learning.},
      month = {July},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719963}
  }