Stabilization of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Attitude Control System Using Robust Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Tuned Compensator

References

[1] Achebe, P. N. & Muoghalu, C. N. (2025). Design of adaptive PD controller for microsatellite yaw axis attitude control system. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 21(2), 225-232.

[2] Ajiboye, A. T., Popoola, J. O., Oniyide, O., &Ayinla, S. L. (2020). PID controller for microsatellite yaw-axis attitude control system using ITAE method. TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control, 18(2), 1001-1011. DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i2.14303

[3] Akwukwaegbu, I. O., Nosiri, O., Olubiwe, M., Paulinus Nwammuo, C. F., Okonkwo, E. (2023). Design of model following control integrating PID controller for DC servomotor-based antenna positioning system. SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 10(6), 33-42.

[4] Benzeniar, H. & Fellah, M. K. (2014). A microsatellite reaction wheel based on a fuzzy logic controller for the attitude control system. International Review in Aerospace Engineering, 7(5), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.15866/1rease.v7i5.4973

[5] Dorny, C. N. (2003). Understanding dynamic systems: approaches to modeling, analysis and design, Prentice-Hall,

[6] Enejor, E.U., Dahunsi, F. M., Akingbade, K. F., & Nelson, I. O. (2023). Low Earth orbit satellite attitude stabilization using linear quadratic regulator. European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 7(3), 17-29.

[7] http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejece.2023.7.3.505

[8] Eze, P. C., & Ezenugu, I. A. (2024). Microsatellite yaw-axis attitude control system using model reference adaptive control based PID controller. International Journal of Electrical Computer Engineering Research, 4, 8-16.

[9] Eze P. C., Ugoh C. A., Inaibo D. S. (2021). Positioning control of DC servomotor-based antenna using PID tuned compensator. Journal of Engineering Sciences, 8(1), pp. E9–E16, doi: 10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).e2

[10] Eze, P. C., Onuora, A. E., Ekengwu, B. O., Muoghalu, C., & Aigbodioh, F. A. (2017). Design of a robust PID controller for improved transient response performance of a linearized engine idle speed model. American Journal of Engineering Research, 6(8), 305-313.

[11] Jin, L., & Li, Y. (2022). Model predictive control-based attitude control of under-actuated spacecraft using solar radiation pressure. Aerospace, 9, 498, 1-20.

[12] https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9090498

[13] Mbaocha, C. C., Eze, C. U., Ezenugu, I. A., & Onwumere, J. C. (2016). Satellite model for yaw-axis determination and control using PID compensator. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 7(7), 1623-1629.

[14] Muoghalu, C. N. & Achebe, P. N. (2021). Two-phase hybrid stepping motor based antenna positioning control system using proportional integral and derivative controller. Iconic Research and Engineering, 4(10), 152-157.

[15] Muoghalu C.N. & Achebe P.N. (2025). Enhancing the dynamic response servo positioning system using internal model control based compensator: A case study of HDD. International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science, 5(3), 236-242.

[16] Muoghalu, C.N., Achebe, P.N., & Okafor, C.S. (2024). Human heart stabilization using mathematical based model with proportional integral and derivative controller. International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management and Applied Science, XIII(III), 1-9.

[17] Muoghalu, C. N., Ndefo, M. I., & Ugwu, H. I. (2021). Performance enhancement of chopper fed DC motor speed control system using PID controller. Multidisciplinary International Journal of Research and Development, 1(2), 1-8.

[18] Muoghalu, C. N., Uju, I. U., & Mbachu, C. B. (2020). Performance improvement of automatic voltage regulator using linear quadratic Gaussian tuned controller. International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science, 9, 96-12.

[19] Ogata, K. (2003). System dynamics, 4th ed. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 2003.

[20] Okasha, M. Idres, M., &Ghaffar, A. (2019). Satellite attitude tracking control using Lyapunov control theory. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 7(6S), 253-257.

[21] Okeya, D. C. C., Mbachu, C. B., Muoghalu, C. N., & Ekengwu, B. O. (2024). Enhancing the pitch control of an unmanned aircraft using PSO based intelligent PID controller. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 5(3), 55-63.

[22] Onyeka E. B., Chidiebere M., & Nkiruka A. P. (2019). Improved response performance of two-phase hybrid stepping motor control using PID tuned outer and inner loop compensator. Journal of Engineering Sciences, 6(1), D1-D6.

[23] Onyekwelu, C. I., Nwabueze, C. A., Muoghalu, C. N., & Ekengwu, B. O. (2023). Model reference adaptive control based PID controller for hard disk drive read/write head servo positioning system. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 7(8), 135-144.

[24] Qi, Y., Jing, H., & Wu, X. (2022). Variable structure PID controller for satellite attitude control considering actuator failure. Applied Sciences, 12, 5273, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12105273

[25] Shan, Y., Xia, L., & Li, S. (2022). Design and simulation of satellite attitude control algorithm based on PID. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2355 012035. DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/2355/1/012035

@article{1720170,
      author = {Muoghalu, C.N., Achebe, P.N., Patrick, U.P., Idam, E.O.},
      title = {Stabilization of Low Earth Orbit Satellite Attitude Control System Using Robust Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Tuned Compensator},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {3472-3481},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1720170.pdf},
      abstract = {The impact of effective satellite attitude control system (SACS) is that it can ensure both quality and reliability of data acquisition by a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite. This work presents design of adaptive controller for satellite y-axis attitude control system (ACS). With several techniques proposed in literature, there is still need to improve the tracking error and robustness of the control system in the presence of disturbance. In order to achieve this, the transfer function models of amplifier, actuator, and satellite structure for determining the transfer function a LEO satellite yaw-axis attitude were obtained. This work presents a yaw-axis ACS for LEO satellite using Proportional Integral and Derivative Tuned Compensator (PID-TC). The compensator was designed using the control system toolbox of MATLAB based on PID Tuning design method using robust response time tuning technique with interactive (adjustable performance and robustness) design mode at a bandwidth of 44.5 rad/s. The compensator was added to position control loop of yaw-axis. Simulations were carried out in MATLAB environment for four separate cases by applying unit forced input to examine the various step responses. Initial simulation without the inclusion of the compensator (PID-TC) in the control loop resulting in rise time of 2.16 s, settling time of 22.14 s and 38.63% overshoot. Thus, in terms of the performance criteria defined for the system, all conditions were not met specifically the settling time and the overshoot. Hence, a PID-TC controller was designed and introduced into the system, which resulted in transient and steady-state performances of the system being characterized by rise time of 3.82, settling time of 7.30 s, overshoot of 3.88%, and steady-state error (0). Generally, simulation results revealed that the proposed PID-TC controller meets all the performance criteria for a typical controller for LEO satellite yaw-axis attitude control system as defined in previous studies. The robustness of the designed PID-TC was examined by introducing a unit disturbance load torque and the step response simulation plot indicated that the achieved reduced rise time (1.82 s) and settling time (6.90 s) but with slight deterioration in smoothness and stability (as the overshoot was increased to 4.14%). When compared to the classical PID and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), the PID-TC system provided the best dynamic response performance with in terms of convergence to steady-state (measured considering settling time), smoothness in response and stability both in the absence and presence of load torque disturbance. The significance of this work is that a robust PID-TC controller has been used to provide improved yaw angle (or attitude) tracking for LEO satellite in the absence and in the presence of load torque disturbance. },
      keywords = {Attitude Control System, Controller, LEO Satellite, PID Tuned Compensator, Yaw-Axis},
      month = {July},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1720170}
  }