Development of A Geophysical and Geochemical Methodology for The Characterization of Oil Spill Sites

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@article{1720325,
      author = {Olozulu Levi Olabai},
      title = {Development of A Geophysical and Geochemical Methodology for The Characterization of Oil Spill Sites},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {10},
      number = {2},
      pages = {304-313},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1720325.pdf},
      abstract = {The presence of hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface can modify the using an integrated geophysical and geochemical approach. The geophysical response to hydrocarbon contamination varies according to factors related to the contaminant in question and to the contaminated environment. Geophysical methods, including Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), were employed to delineate subsurface features and contamination plumes. ERI profiles captured variations in resistivity across depths, identifying hydrocarbon-rich zones, while GPR provided high-resolution images of shallow subsurface anomalies, such as buried hydrocarbon pools and fractured zones. Geochemical analyses focused on soil and water samples collected at varying depths (0–50 cm) and locations, quantifying Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), heavy metals (e.g., lead, cadmium, chromium), pH, and salinity. Laboratory analyses adhered to ASTM and EPA guidelines, ensuring data reliability. The findings revealed significant contamination, with low resistivity values (6–8.7 ohm-meters) identifying hydrocarbon-rich layers between 5–15 meters. Geochemical data showed elevated TPH levels (4,800–5,200 mg/kg) and heavy metal concentrations exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) limits. GIS mapping highlighted contamination hotspots near spill points, correlating spatially with hydrocarbon accumulation and geophysical anomalies. This research underscores the value of integrating geophysical and geochemical methods with GIS for accurate environmental assessment and remediation planning. The results provide actionable insights into managing oil spill impacts in the Niger Delta region, emphasizing the need for urgent intervention and sustainable environmental practices.},
      keywords = {Geophysical Characterisation, Geochemical Characterisation, Oil Spill, Methodology},
      month = {August},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I2-1720325}
  }