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High Efficiency Buck-Boost Converter Devices for EV Powertrains
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Improve the Efficiency of EV's Power
Abstract
Electric vehicles require a reliable electrical power supply for their propulsion motor, motor controller, sensors, microcontroller, display, communication modules, and other electronic circuits. A nominal 12 V battery does not always maintain a constant voltage during charging, discharging, acceleration, and different load conditions. These voltage variations can affect motor performance and may cause malfunction or resetting of sensitive electronic circuits. This project presents the design and development of an ESP32-based intelligent voltage monitoring and power management system for a 12 V battery-powered electric vehicle. A DC voltage sensor is used to continuously measure the battery voltage, while the ESP32 processes the sensor signal and monitors the battery condition. The electrical system is divided into a propulsion power section and an auxiliary electronics section. A suitable regulated 12 V power stage is provided for loads requiring a controlled 12 V supply, while a DC-DC buck converter generates a stable 5 V supply for the ESP32, sensors, display, and other low-voltage circuits. The proposed system can detect abnormal battery-voltage conditions and provide warning or control actions. This improves the reliability of the electrical and electronic systems of the electric vehicle. The ESP32 also provides the possibility of future IoT-based monitoring, current measurement, temperature monitoring, energy calculation, and intelligent load management.
Keywords
Electric Vehicle, ESP32, 12 V Battery, 5 V Supply, DC Voltage Sensor, Voltage Regulation, Power Management, Battery Monitoring.
References
[1] Espressif Systems, ESP32 Series Datasheet. Espressif Systems
[2] Espressif Systems, ESP32 Technical Reference Manual. Espressif Systems
[3] Arduino, Arduino IDE Documentation. Arduino
[4] Battery manufacturer datasheets and application manuals.
[5] DC-DC converter manufacturer datasheets.
[6] Motor-controller manufacturer specifications.
[7] General literature on electric vehicle power-management systems.
[8] General literature on rechargeable battery charging and monitoring.
[9] Technical documentation for DC voltage-sensor modules.
[10] Technical literature on embedded systems and electric vehicle auxiliary power systems.
How to cite this paper
@article{1723640,
author = {Prof. Pallavi Kose, RohitKumar Mishra, Mohit Meshram, Adesh Karode, Bhaskar Ingale},
title = {High Efficiency Buck-Boost Converter Devices for EV Powertrains},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2026},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {173-177},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1723640.pdf},
abstract = {Electric vehicles require a reliable electrical power supply for their propulsion motor, motor controller, sensors, microcontroller, display, communication modules, and other electronic circuits. A nominal 12 V battery does not always maintain a constant voltage during charging, discharging, acceleration, and different load conditions. These voltage variations can affect motor performance and may cause malfunction or resetting of sensitive electronic circuits. This project presents the design and development of an ESP32-based intelligent voltage monitoring and power management system for a 12 V battery-powered electric vehicle. A DC voltage sensor is used to continuously measure the battery voltage, while the ESP32 processes the sensor signal and monitors the battery condition. The electrical system is divided into a propulsion power section and an auxiliary electronics section. A suitable regulated 12 V power stage is provided for loads requiring a controlled 12 V supply, while a DC-DC buck converter generates a stable 5 V supply for the ESP32, sensors, display, and other low-voltage circuits. The proposed system can detect abnormal battery-voltage conditions and provide warning or control actions. This improves the reliability of the electrical and electronic systems of the electric vehicle. The ESP32 also provides the possibility of future IoT-based monitoring, current measurement, temperature monitoring, energy calculation, and intelligent load management.},
keywords = {Electric Vehicle, ESP32, 12 V Battery, 5 V Supply, DC Voltage Sensor, Voltage Regulation, Power Management, Battery Monitoring.},
month = {October},
}