A Comparative Strength Properties Analysis of Machine and Manual Methods for Earth Blocks Stabilized with Unprocessed Sugarcane Bagasse

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@article{1725083,
      author = {A. M. Manga, I. B. Muhammed, Y. M. Bukar, M. A. Abukabar, K. Hassan},
      title = {A Comparative Strength Properties Analysis of Machine and Manual Methods for Earth Blocks Stabilized with Unprocessed Sugarcane Bagasse},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {10},
      number = {5},
      pages = {2482-2490},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1725083.pdf},
      abstract = {The practice of earth as construction material has thrived for centuries across various parts of the world; however, challenges such as surface wear and low compressive strength continue to limit its structural application and long-term durability. This research addressed the inadequate mechanical performance of traditional earth blocks, which restricts their wider adoption as sustainable building materials. Enhancing the engineering properties of earthen materials offers a practical and energy efficient alternative to conventional construction techniques. In this study, clay soil samples were collected from Bauchi State, Nigeria. Preliminary tests, including moisture content and compaction analyses, were conducted. Blocks were produced at stabilization levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight, with dimensions of 300 mm × 145 mm × 105 mm, using both manual and machine compaction methods. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis was performed on unprocessed sugarcane bagasse to examine its textural structure. The soil exhibited a moisture content of 3.90%, while SEM results revealed a well-ordered matrix with fibrous morphology. Results showed that machine-compacted blocks absorbed 10.18% more moisture, displayed 4% higher wear resistance, and achieved 20.09% greater dry compressive strength than manually compacted. This research paper lies in the innovative use of unprocessed sugarcane bagasse as a natural stabilizing material, combined with a comparative evaluation of manual and machine compaction techniques. Providing new experimental insight into improving the mechanical properties of earth blocks through Sugarcane bagasse utilization and compaction optimization, thereby promoting sustainable and eco-friendly construction practices.},
      keywords = {Sugarcane bagasse, stabilized earth blocks, strength, wearing resistance, dry compressive strength},
      month = {November},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/ire1725083}
  }