Smart Transit: A Web-Based Public Bus Management System with Real-Time Tracking, QR Ticketing, and Crowd Analytics
Abstract
Urban public bus transportation in most Indian cities operates without real-time vehicle visibility, relying on manual fare collection and static schedules. This paper presents Smart Transit, a browser-based transit management platform that addresses these gaps through four integrated subsystems: a role-based web application serving Admin, Driver, Conductor, and Passenger actors; a Supabase-backed real-time data pipeline using WebSocket broadcasts; a QR ticket issuance and conductor validation workflow; and a geofence-driven automatic passenger drop-off mechanism. The frontend is built with React 18 on Vite; the backend uses Supabase for PostgreSQL persistence, JWT authentication, and row-level security enforcement. Bus movement is maintained through either native GPS acquisition or a deterministic simulation engine that advances the vehicle along pre-configured stops at 30-second intervals, with linear interpolation producing smooth map animation via Leaflet.js. Passengers book seats by selecting source and destination stops; a UUID-derived QR token is issued for conductor scanning. Proximity to the destination stop within 30 metres—computed via the Haversine formula—triggers automatic disembarkation without conductor interaction. Firebase Cloud Messaging delivers push alerts for bus arrival and destination events. An administrative analytics dashboard aggregates ticketing volume, revenue, and real-time occupancy through PostgreSQL RPC queries. The system demonstrates a practical, low-infrastructure approach to intelligent transit management suitable for mid-scale urban bus networks.
Keywords
Smart Transit; Real-Time Bus Tracking; Proximity Detection; Websocket; Haversine Formula
Citations
IRE Journals:
J Bala Mukesh, Dr. S Parthasarathy "Smart Transit: A Web-Based Public Bus Management System with Real-Time Tracking, QR Ticketing, and Crowd Analytics" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 9 2026 Page 2165-2171 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I9-1715431
IEEE:
J Bala Mukesh, Dr. S Parthasarathy
"Smart Transit: A Web-Based Public Bus Management System with Real-Time Tracking, QR Ticketing, and Crowd Analytics" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(9) https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I9-1715431
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