Green Initiatives in Automobile Technology: A Comprehensive Research Paper on Sustainable Automotive Innovation
Abstract
The global automotive sector stands at the epicentre of a historic environmental transformation. Responsible for over 20% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions, the industry faces mounting regulatory, societal, and technological pressure to decarbonise across the entire vehicle lifecycle. This paper provides a comprehensive, evidence-based review of the principal green initiatives reshaping automobile technology as of 2025–2026. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, market intelligence reports, corporate sustainability disclosures, and policy analyses from the OECD, IEA, NewClimate Institute, and leading automotive OEMs, we examine six interconnected dimensions: (1) the electrification paradigm and evolution of battery technology toward solid-state and sodium-ion chemistries; (2) hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and the emerging green hydrogen economy; (3) life cycle assessment methodologies applied to battery electric vehicles; (4) circular economy strategies and battery second-life programmes; (5) sustainable manufacturing processes, digital twins, and green factory initiatives; and (6) global policy frameworks including the EU's Euro 7, CO₂ fleet standards for 2035, the US Inflation Reduction Act, and Asia-Pacific hydrogen roadmaps. The paper identifies critical research gaps, notably the need for standardised LCA frameworks, credible OEM decarbonisation targets, and infrastructure parity for hydrogen mobility. Our findings affirm that while substantial progress has been achieved, the pathway to a truly green automotive ecosystem requires coordinated action across technology developers, manufacturers, policymakers, and consumers.
Keywords
Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV), Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCV), Solid-State Batteries, Circular Economy, Life Cycle Assessment, Sustainable Automotive Manufacturing, Euro 7, Inflation Reduction Act, Net-Zero Emissions.
Citations
IRE Journals:
Anand Sharma, Dr. Vikas Bansal, Dr. Rohit Mishra, Dr. D. K. Jamuwa "Green Initiatives in Automobile Technology: A Comprehensive Research Paper on Sustainable Automotive Innovation" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 10 2026 Page 671-681 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I10-1716003
IEEE:
Anand Sharma, Dr. Vikas Bansal, Dr. Rohit Mishra, Dr. D. K. Jamuwa
"Green Initiatives in Automobile Technology: A Comprehensive Research Paper on Sustainable Automotive Innovation" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(10) https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I10-1716003
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