Dynamic Analysis of High-Rise Structures with Combined Shear Wall, Bracing, and Damper Systems Under Lateral Loading: A Review

References

[1] D. De Domenico, G. Ricciardi, and I. Takewaki, “Design strategies of viscous dampers for seismic protection of building structures: A review,” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 118, pp. 144–165, 2019. https://

[2] L. Zoccolini, E. Bruschi, S. Cattaneo, and V. Quaglini, “Current trends in fluid viscous dampers with semi-active and adaptive behavior,” Applied Sciences, vol. 13, no. 18, art. 10358, 2023. https://

[3] Bureau of Indian Standards, IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016 — Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Part 1: General Provisions and Buildings. New Delhi: BIS, 2016.

[4] Bureau of Indian Standards, IS 456: 2000 — Plain and Reinforced Concrete — Code of Practice. New Delhi: BIS, 2000.

[5] Bureau of Indian Standards, IS 875 (Parts 1–3): 1987 — Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures. New Delhi: BIS, 1987.

[6] S. E. Ali and M. U. Aquil, “Study of strength of RC shear wall at different locations on a multi- storeyed residential building,” International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 134–141, 2014.

[7] R. Chittiprolu and R. P. Kumar, “Significance of shear wall in high-rise irregular buildings,” International Journal of Education and Applied Research, vol. 4, no. Spl-2, pp. 43–46, 2014.

[8] V. Agrawal, R. Gupta, and M. Goyal, “A study on seismic analysis of a high-rise irregular floor- plan building with different positions of shear walls,” International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 122– 127, 2017.

[9] Y. Alashkar, S. Nazar, and M. Ismaiel, “A comparative study of seismic strengthening of RC buildings by steel bracings and concrete shear walls,” International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 24–34, 2014.

[10] M. Badoux and J. O. Jirsa, “Steel bracing of RC frames for seismic retrofitting,” Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 116, no. 1, pp. 55– 74, 1990. https:// 9445(1990)116:1(55).

[11] M. A. Youssef, H. Ghaffarzadeh, and M. Nehdi, “Seismic performance of RC frames with concentric internal steel bracing,” Engineering Structures, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 1561–1568, 2007. https://

[12] S. Singla, S. Khan, and V. Yadav, “Earthquake- resisting techniques on a G+10-storey building with the help of shear walls and bracings using software,” International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 1 –6, 2019. https://

[13] N. Z. Ahmed, M. Osama, and W. Attia, “Prediction of the fundamental period of vibration of braced-frame systems in irregular steel buildings,” Cogent Engineering, vol. 9, no. 1, art. 2122183, 2022. https:// .

[14] M. Alborzi, H. Tahghighi, and A. Azarbakht, “Numerical comparison on the efficiency of conventional and hybrid buckling-restrained braces for seismic protection of short-to-mid-rise steel buildings,” International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, vol. 11, pp. 439–454, 2019. https://

[15] S. R. Sabbagh-Yazdi et al., “Comparing numerical results for seismic performance of portal steel frames braced with steel, glulam timber and timber–steel BRB,” Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. 2022, art. 2705691, 2022.

[16] D. Lee and D. P. Taylor, “Viscous damper development and future trends,” The Structural Design of Tall Buildings, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 311– 320, 2001.

[17] S. S. Pathan, D. N. Kakade, and A. P. Wadekar, “Seismic response control of an asymmetric building using friction damper and shear wall,” Journal of Structural Technology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2017.

[18] R. D. Riaz, U. J. Malik, M. U. Shah, M. Usman, and F. A. Najam, “Enhancing seismic resilience of existing reinforced concrete building using non-linear viscous dampers: A comparative study,” Actuators, vol. 12, no. 4, art. 175, 2023.

[19] K. V. Sharma, V. Parmar, L. Gautam, S. Choudhary, and J. Gohil, “A comprehensive study of viscous damper configurations and vertical damping-coefficient distributions for enhanced performance in reinforced-concrete structures,” Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 24, pp. 3517–3534, 2023. https://

[20] R. Esfandiyari, S. M. Nejad, J. A. Marnani, S. A. Mousavi, and S. M. Zahrai, “Seismic behaviour of structural and non-structural elements in an RC building with bypass viscous dampers,” Steel and Composite Structures, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 487–497, 2020. https://

[21] Y. Zhang et al., “Seismic retrofitting of RC frames using viscous dampers: Numerical simulation and non-linear response analysis,” Infrastructures, vol. 10, no. 9, art. 235, 2025. https://

[22] A. Kumar and R. Kumar, “Seismic analysis of an irregular-diaphragm reinforced -concrete building with fluid viscous dampers,” International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, vol. 11, no. 7, 2023. https://

[23] L. Qi, J. Xue, Y. Sui, and Z. Wu, “Smart retrofitting of irregular steel joints in traditional Chinese buildings by viscous dampers,” Engineering Structures, vol. 228, art. 111526, 2021. https://

[24] D.-P. N. Kontoni and A. A. Farghaly, “Enhancing the earthquake resistance of RC and steel high-rise buildings by bracings, shear walls and TMDs considering SSI,” Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 24, pp. 2595–2614, 2023. 6.

[25] J. Kent, C. Zhong, and C. Christopoulos, “Steel flexure and shear yielding base-mechanism for enhanced seismic resilience of RC core wall high-rise structures,” Earthquake Spectra, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 1051–1078, 2023. https://

[26] N. Vishal, M. R. Kannan, and L. Keerthika, “Seismic analysis of a multi-storey irregular building with different structural systems,” International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 1–7, 2020. https://

[27] F. Kazemi, N. Asgarkhani, and R. Jankowski, “Machine-learning-based seismic response and performance assessment of reinforced-concrete buildings,” Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, vol. 23, art. 94, 2023. https://

[28] B. Hariri, M. Montgomery, C. Zhong, and C. Christopoulos, “Enhancing the seismic stability of buckling-restrained steel braced frames in subduction interface seismic regions using viscoelastic dampers,” Earthquake Spectra, 2025. https://

[29] O. Sayyed, S. S. Kushwah, and A. Rawat, “Seismic analysis of a vertically irregular RC building with stiffness and setback irregularities,” IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 40–45, 2017. 1401064045.

[30] A. Vimala and M. Azharuddin, “Non-linear behaviour of vertically irregular structures using shear walls,” International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1 –6, 2019. https://

[31] J. Amin, K. Gondaliya, and C. Mulchandani, “Assessment of seismic collapse probability of an RC shaft-supported tank,” Structures, vol. 33, pp. 2639 –2658, 2021. https://

@article{1719783,
      author = {Alok Bhoyar, Dr. Rahul Kumar Satbhaiya},
      title = {Dynamic Analysis of High-Rise Structures with Combined Shear Wall, Bracing, and Damper Systems Under Lateral Loading: A Review},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2026},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1226-1238},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1719783.pdf},
      abstract = {The growth of high-rise construction in seismically active regions has made the control of the lateral response of buildings a governing design concern. Reinforced-concrete (RC) shear walls, steel bracing, and supplemental dampers are the three dominant strategies used to resist earthquake and wind actions, and increasingly they are combined into hybrid systems whose behaviour is evaluated numerically in finite-element platforms such as ETABS.This paper reviews the state of the art on the dynamic analysis of high-rise structures that combine shear walls, bracing, and damper systems under lateral loading. It compares the working mechanisms, analysis methods, and reported performance of these systems, and identifies the technologies and design methods that currently dominate the field.Across the reviewed studies a consistent pattern emerges: stiffness-based devices (walls and bracing) shorten the fundamental period and reduce displacement but attract larger inertial forces, whereas velocity-dependent dampers reduce drift, member forces, and floor acceleration without a comparable increase in stiffness. Hybrid wall–brace–damper systems combine these benefits, and response-spectrum and non-linear time-history analysis, together with the P-Delta effect, are the standard evaluation tools. Recent work is moving from passive devices towards semi-active, adaptive, and machine-learning-assisted design.Priorities identified include soil–structure-interaction-aware design, optimal placement and sizing of dampers, life-cycle and resilience-based cost assessment, and data-driven optimisation of hybrid configurations. These directions frame the motivation for the detailed comparative study reported subsequently by the authors.},
      keywords = {High-Rise Buildings, Shear Wall, Steel Bracing, Fluid Viscous Damper, Lateral Load, Seismic Response, Energy Dissipation, ETABS, Response-Spectrum Analysis, Hybrid Lateral System},
      month = {July},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV10I1-1719783}
  }