Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 3-Acetyl Coumarin-Based Metal Complexes

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@article{1702610,
      author = {Dr. N. Y. Badannavar},
      title = {Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 3-Acetyl Coumarin-Based Metal Complexes},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2021},
      volume = {4},
      number = {9},
      pages = {140-150},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1702610.pdf},
      abstract = {Synthesis and antimicrobial study of 3-acetyl coumarin based metal complexes have been a field of interest over the last two decades as they exert therapeutic effect against a broad spectrum of microbes even drug resistant strains, possibly due to the transition metals such as copper, zinc, nickel, iron which play a versatile role in governing the biological property of coumarin ligand, which was prepared by ligand-metal coordination reaction where the 3-acetyl coumarin act as a bidentate ligand, coordinated to metals through the oxygen atom of carbonyl portion and hydroxyl group of chromene ring to stable complexes with unique geometry and spectroscopic properties (UV-visible, FT-IR, NMR, and X-ray diffraction have been employed to establish the coordination environment and confirm the metal-ligand interaction); different investigations revealed that the nature of the metal ion, the steric and electronics aspects of the ligand, as well as coordination geometry have a remarkable influence on the antimicrobial activity of the metal complexes, as some complexes have been found to exhibit significant activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including, multidrug-resistant strains( of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, fungi such as Candida albicans, the copper(II) complexes have been identified as being the most practical, probably due to their ability to disrupt microbial cell membranes and interfere with intracellular processes, antimicrobial assays exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the micromolar range, values are comparable or superior properties to traditional antimicrobial agents; Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the chelation of metal ion with 3-acetyl coumarin also has the benefit of consequent enhanced solubility and bioavailability of the ligands which facilitates better penetration of cell walls of microbes, while lowering damage associated with free metals, and a double gain in activity and practical safety; Also, computational studies and molecular docking simulations also provided significant information about the pharmacokinetic profiles of these complexes with microbial targets such as bacterial enzymes and cell wall contributors; giving valuable understanding of fundamental modes of mechanisms of antimicrobial action involving metal mediated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), invasive DNA replication, and inhibition of vital enzymatic processes; the synthesized metal complexes and their free ligands are a potential advance class of antimicrobial agents, requiring further investigation of the clinical application of the 3-acetyl coumarin bioactive family members.},
      keywords = {3-Acetyl Coumarin, Metal Complexes, Antimicrobial Activity, Copper (II) Complexes, Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs), Molecular Docking Simulations},
      month = {March},
  }