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Beauty as an Inverse Functional Paradigm in Toni Morrison?s the Bluest Eye

Effumbe KACHUA, PhD.

Subject area: Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities  ·  Area of research: General Studies

Abstract

Toni Morrison?s The Bluest Eye is a work of deep emotional outburst, filled with desperate enquiries on the bases of the prevalent racial disparity based on color. She deplores the Western standards of ideal beauty created and propagated with and amongst black community, and the damage done to black women through the construction of femininity in a racialized society based on whiteness as the standard of beauty. The novelist presents a situation where a lop-sided sense of value deprecates the moral fibre of the society. The attendant loses and damages are unquantifiable, exemplified in the Breedlove?s family. Beauty is a physical attribute, but it is weighed higher than other more significant parameters, like moral rectitude, the bases of credible leadership on which society?s development depends. This concept is highlighted by the novelist when she indicates that for Cholly Breedlove, ugliness was behavior. This study adopts Emmanuel Mounier?s philosophical theory of Personalism as the critical tool to examining the moral depravity visited on the characters in the novel based on color. This theory seeks to establish and affirm the dignity of the person; it is based on the concept of the human person as an ontological whole: the nature of man as a being with a self-worth, self-esteem and unique identity. The unwholesome situation visited on the Breedlove family is an anathema to the principles enunciated in the theory of Personalism.

References

[1] Alexander, Allen. “The Fourth Face: The Image of God in Toni Morrison’s The Blue

[2] Beaulieu, Elizabeth Ann. (Ed.) The Toni Morrison Encyclopedia. London: Greenwood Press, 2003.

[3] Gibson, Donald B. “Text and Countertext in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye. LIT: LiteratureInterpretation, Theory. Donald Gibson (Ed.). Vol. 1, No. 1-2, (1989) pp. 19 -32. Eye in African-American Review. February,1998, Vol.32, No. 2.

[4] Grewal, Gurleen. Circles of Sorrow, Lines of Struggle: The Novels of Toni Morrison. Boston: Louisiana State University Press, 1988.

[5] Kant, Immanuel. The Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

[6] Kovach, J. Francis. Philosophy of Beauty. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1974.

[7] Lazaro, Joao Abilio and Anor Sganzeria. “Emmanuel Mounier’s Personalism the Dignity of the human person and the Crises in Mozambican Society”. REID. Vol. 2| No. 10| 2019. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication|342764670 on May 25th, 2021.

[8] Marshall, Paulle. “From the Poets in the Kitchen”. Callalo. Vol. 24, No. 2. The Best of Callalo Prose. A Special 25th Anniversary Issue (Spring, 2001), Pp 627 – 633.

[9] Merman-Jozwiak, Elisabeth. “Re-membering the Body: Body Politics in Toni

[10] Morrison’s The Bluest Eye” in Literature Interpretation Theory, 1545-5866, Vol.12, Issue 2, 2001, pp189-203.

[11] Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1970.

[12] … “Afterword”. November, 1993 in The Bluest Eye, 1970.

[13] Mounier, Emmanuel. Personalism. Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 1989. Retrieved from https://www.perlego.com/book/856250/personalism on May 17th, 2021.

[14] Ogunyemi, Chinwenye Okonjo. “Order and Disorder in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye.” Critiques Studies in Modern Fiction, Vol 19, No. 1, 1977. Pp. 112-120.

[15] Powell, Timothy. “Toni Morrison: The Struggle to Depict the Black Figure on the White Page”. Black American Literature Forum. Joe Weixmann (Ed.) 24 (1990) 747 – 760.

[16] Reynolds, Sir Joshua. “Essay in the Idler” in Philosophy of Beauty, 1974.

[17] Rosenberg, Ruth. “Seeds in Hard Ground: Black Girlhood in The Bluest Eye”. Black American Literature Forum. Joe Weixmann (Ed.) Vol. 21, No. 4 (Winter, 1987) 435 -445.

[18] Stern, Katherine. “Toni Morrison’s Beauty Formula” in The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2000.

[19] Thomas, W and J. Bengtsson. Personalism: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2013. Retrieved from https: //www.plato.stanford.edu|entries/personalism| on May 25th, 2021

[20] Walther, Malin Lavon. “Out of Sight: Toni Morrison’s Revision of Beauty” in Black American Literature Forum. Vol. 24. No. 4, Women Writers Issue, 1990. Pp. 775-789.

How to cite this paper

Effumbe KACHUA, PhD. "Beauty as an Inverse Functional Paradigm in Toni Morrison?s the Bluest Eye" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 5 Issue 1 2021 Page 387-393
Effumbe KACHUA, PhD. "Beauty as an Inverse Functional Paradigm in Toni Morrison?s the Bluest Eye" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 5, no. 1, Jul. 2021
Effumbe KACHUA, PhD. (2021). Beauty as an Inverse Functional Paradigm in Toni Morrison?s the Bluest Eye. Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 5(1).
Effumbe KACHUA, PhD. "Beauty as an Inverse Functional Paradigm in Toni Morrison?s the Bluest Eye" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 5, no. 1, Jul. 2021.
@article{1703593,
      author = {Effumbe KACHUA, PhD.},
      title = {Beauty as an Inverse Functional Paradigm in Toni Morrison?s the Bluest Eye},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2021},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {387-393},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1703593.pdf},
      abstract = {Toni Morrison?s The Bluest Eye is a work of deep emotional outburst, filled with desperate enquiries on the bases of the prevalent racial disparity based on color. She deplores the Western standards of ideal beauty created and propagated with and amongst black community, and the damage done to black women through the construction of femininity in a racialized society based on whiteness as the standard of beauty. The novelist presents a situation where a lop-sided sense of value deprecates the moral fibre of the society. The attendant loses and damages are unquantifiable, exemplified in the Breedlove?s family. Beauty is a physical attribute, but it is weighed higher than other more significant parameters, like moral rectitude, the bases of credible leadership on which society?s development depends. This concept is highlighted by the novelist when she indicates that for Cholly Breedlove, ugliness was behavior. This study adopts Emmanuel Mounier?s philosophical theory of Personalism as the critical tool to examining the moral depravity visited on the characters in the novel based on color. This theory seeks to establish and affirm the dignity of the person; it is based on the concept of the human person as an ontological whole: the nature of man as a being with a self-worth, self-esteem and unique identity. The unwholesome situation visited on the Breedlove family is an anathema to the principles enunciated in the theory of Personalism.},
      month = {July},
  }