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Comparative Analysis of Orifice Area and Differential Pressure along a Penstock of Hydro Turbine
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Mechanical Engineering
Abstract
The study, comparative analysis of orifice area and differential pressure along a penstock of hydro turbine was successfully investigated using data gotten from simulink simulation of System block models from simscap- hydraulics. 5 variable orifice areas, 0.1m^2, 0.04m^2, 0.15m^2, 1.5m^2 and 0.0002m^2 and their corresponding differential pressures were analyzed and graphs plotted, using Excel and MATLAB. At orifice area of 0.1m^2 , differential pressure was found to be 150bar. As orifice area was reduced to 0.0002m^2 , differential pressure increased to 30,000,000bar. These results suggested that narrowing or decreasing hydraulic orifice area, will increase differential pressure along the penstock of a hydro turbine and vice-versa. In addition, MATLAB was used to evaluate the variance and standard deviation between the orifice area and differential pressure data. The variance was found to be 2.1493e-07 while standard deviation was found to be 4.6361e-04. The researchers made the following recommendations: Influences of hydraulic orifice area and differential pressure have to be controlled if hydro turbine must operate at full power, this research can also be done in future using different hydraulic design orifice models and other advanced software for generalization.
Keywords
Excel, MATLAB, penstock, differential pressure, orifice area, simscap-hydraulics, block models, hydro turbine.
References
[1] Anderson, J.D. (2009). Computational Fluid Dynamics. National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
[2] Carlson, B. (2000). Fundamentals of Orifice Metering. FMC Technologie Inc. 1602 Wagner Avenue.
[3] Frank, A., Flachskampf, M., Arthur, E., Weyman, M., Lius, G. & James, T. (1990). Influence of Orifice Geometry and Flow Rate on Effective Valve Area: An In Vitro Study. Boston Massachussetts.
[4] Hutagalung, S.S. (2019). Effect of Release Coefficient of Orifice Plate on Water Fluid Flow Systems. Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
[5] Nkwor, C. A., Efosa, O., Gaven, D. V., & Ewurum, T.I. (2023). Effects of Hydraulic Orific Area on Resistive Pressure Drop and Inertia Pressure Drop Using Simulation Method. International Journal of Research Publication and Rview, 4(3), pp.983-996.
[6] Nkwor, C. A., Onyenobi, C. S., Oriaku, J. C., & Ewurum, T.I. (2023). Effects of Fluid Dynamic Compressibility and Flow Inertia on Mass Flow Rate and Thermal Flux across an Insulated Pipe: Simulink Approach. International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science, 5(2), pp.421-437.
[7] Rajput, R.K. (2008). Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines. New Dehi: Khanna Publishers.
[8] Rajput, R.K. (2011). Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines. New Dehi: Khanna Publishers.
How to cite this paper
@article{1704528,
author = {Ugwuegbu D. C, Ewurum Tennison Ifechukwu},
title = {Comparative Analysis of Orifice Area and Differential Pressure along a Penstock of Hydro Turbine},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2023},
volume = {6},
number = {11},
pages = {647-650},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1704528.pdf},
abstract = {The study, comparative analysis of orifice area and differential pressure along a penstock of hydro turbine was successfully investigated using data gotten from simulink simulation of System block models from simscap- hydraulics. 5 variable orifice areas, 0.1m^2, 0.04m^2, 0.15m^2, 1.5m^2 and 0.0002m^2 and their corresponding differential pressures were analyzed and graphs plotted, using Excel and MATLAB. At orifice area of 0.1m^2 , differential pressure was found to be 150bar. As orifice area was reduced to 0.0002m^2 , differential pressure increased to 30,000,000bar. These results suggested that narrowing or decreasing hydraulic orifice area, will increase differential pressure along the penstock of a hydro turbine and vice-versa. In addition, MATLAB was used to evaluate the variance and standard deviation between the orifice area and differential pressure data. The variance was found to be 2.1493e-07 while standard deviation was found to be 4.6361e-04. The researchers made the following recommendations: Influences of hydraulic orifice area and differential pressure have to be controlled if hydro turbine must operate at full power, this research can also be done in future using different hydraulic design orifice models and other advanced software for generalization.},
keywords = {Excel, MATLAB, penstock, differential pressure, orifice area, simscap-hydraulics, block models, hydro turbine.},
month = {May},
}