Home / Current Issue / Paper 1706099
Investigating the Role of Alpha-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Chemistry
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the misfolding and aggregation of alpha-synuclein, leading to dopamine neuron death and motor function impairment. Despite its significance, the molecular mechanisms underlying alpha-synuclein's role in Parkinson's disease remain poorly understood. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structural and dynamic properties of alpha-synuclein in its monomeric and aggregated forms. Our results reveal that alpha-synuclein's aggregation propensity is driven by specific residue interactions, leading to the formation of toxic oligomers. Furthermore, we identified key conformational changes associated with alpha-synuclein's misfolding, which may contribute to its neurotoxicity. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of alpha-synuclein's role in Parkinson's disease, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for disease modification.
Keywords
Alpha-synuclein, Parkinson's disease, Molecular dynamics simulations, Protein misfolding, Aggregation, Neurodegeneration, Therapeutic targets
References
[1] Berg, D., Postuma, R. B., Adler, C. H., Bloem, B. R., Chan, P., Dubois, B., ... & Deuschl, G. (2015). MDS research criteria for prodromal Parkinson's disease. Movement Disorders, 30(12), 1600-1611.
[2] Bertoncini, C. W., et al. (2005). Structural and dynamic properties of alpha-synuclein and its disease-related mutants. Journal of Molecular Biology, 346(3), 731-743.
[3] Brundin, P., Melki, R., & Kopito, R. (2010). Prion-like transmission of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 11(4), 301-307.
[4] Burré, J. (2015). The synaptic function of α-synuclein. Journal of Parkinson's Disease, 5(4), 699-713.
[5] Cembran, A., et al. (2018). Molecular dynamics simulations of alpha-synuclein: A review. Journal of Neurochemistry, 145(2), 143-154.
[6] Cembran, A., et al. (2018). Molecular dynamics simulations of alpha-synuclein: A review. Journal of Neurochemistry, 145(2), 143-154. DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14324
[7] Cho, M. K., et al. (2011). Structural and dynamic properties of alpha-synuclein and its mutants: A molecular dynamics study. Journal of Chemical Physics, 134(12), 124904.
[8] Chiti, F., & Dobson, C. M. (2017). Protein misfolding, functional amyloid, and human disease. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 86, 27-68.
[9] Cremades, N., Cohen, S. I., Deas, E., Abramov, A. Y., Chen, A. Y., Orte, A., ... & Dobson, C. M. (2012). Direct observation of the interconversion of normal and toxic forms of α-synuclein. Cell, 149(5), 1048-1059.
[10] Dettmer, U., Newman, A. J., von Saucken, V. E., Bartels, T., & Selkoe, D. (2015). KTKEGV repeat motifs are key mediators of normal α-synucleintetramerization: Their mutation causes excess monomers and neurotoxicity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(32), 9596-9601.
[11] Eliezer, D., et al. (1999). Alpha-synuclein has a high affinity for metal ions. Journal of Molecular Biology, 294(4), 1081-1092.
[12] Eliezer, D., et al. (1999). Alpha-synuclein has a high affinity for metal ions. Journal of Molecular Biology, 294(4), 1081-1092. DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3265
[13] Kruger, R., et al. (1998). Ala30Pro mutation in the gene encoding alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. Nature Genetics, 18(2), 106-108.
[14] Kruger, R., et al. (1998). Ala30Pro mutation in the gene encoding alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. Nature Genetics, 18(2), 106-108. DOI: 10.1038/ng0298-106
[15] Masliah, E., et al. (2000). Dopaminergic loss and inclusion body formation in alpha-synuclein mice. Science, 287(5456), 1265-1269. DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5456.1265
[16] Meisl, G., Kirkegaard, J. B., Arosio, P., Michaels, T. C., Vendruscolo, M., & Dobson, C. M. (2016). Molecular mechanisms of protein aggregation from global fitting of kinetic models. Nature Protocols, 11(2), 252-272.
[17] Roberts, R. F., & Murphy, M. P. (2019). α-Synuclein and mitochondria: Partners in crime? Neurotherapeutics, 16(1), 203-209.
[18] Sinha, S., et al. (2020). Phosphorylation of alpha-synuclein at serine 129 regulates its aggregation and toxicity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 295(3), 833-844.
[19] Sinha, S., et al. (2020). Phosphorylation of alpha-synuclein at serine 129 regulates its aggregation and toxicity. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 295(3), 833-844. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.011492
[20] Spillantini, M. G., et al. (1997). Alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies. Nature, 388(6645), 839-840.
[21] Spillantini, M. G., et al. (1997). Alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies. Nature, 388(6645), 839-840. DOI: 10.1038/42166
[22] Weinreb, P. H., et al. (1996). NACP, a protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease and learning, is natively unfolded. Biochemistry, 35(43), 13709-13715.
[23] Weinreb, P. H., et al. (1996). NACP, a protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease and learning, is natively unfolded. Biochemistry, 35(43), 13709-13715. DOI: 10.1021/bi9623663
How to cite this paper
@article{1706099,
author = {Olahanmi Olatayo},
title = {Investigating the Role of Alpha-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: A Molecular Dynamics Study},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2024},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {593-603},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1706099.pdf},
abstract = {Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the misfolding and aggregation of alpha-synuclein, leading to dopamine neuron death and motor function impairment. Despite its significance, the molecular mechanisms underlying alpha-synuclein's role in Parkinson's disease remain poorly understood. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the structural and dynamic properties of alpha-synuclein in its monomeric and aggregated forms. Our results reveal that alpha-synuclein's aggregation propensity is driven by specific residue interactions, leading to the formation of toxic oligomers. Furthermore, we identified key conformational changes associated with alpha-synuclein's misfolding, which may contribute to its neurotoxicity. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of alpha-synuclein's role in Parkinson's disease, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for disease modification.},
keywords = {Alpha-synuclein, Parkinson's disease, Molecular dynamics simulations, Protein misfolding, Aggregation, Neurodegeneration, Therapeutic targets},
month = {July},
}