Assessing Household and Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Under-Five Mortality in Northern Nigeria: Evidence from Bichi LGA

• Author(s): Kabir Sa'id Sufi ; Jamilu Abdulhamid Bello ; Fadila Tijjani
• Paper ID: 1708661
• Page: 1710-1719
• Published Date: 26-05-2025
• Published In: Iconic Research And Engineering Journals
• Publisher: IRE Journals
• e-ISSN: 2456-8880
• Volume/Issue: Volume 8 Issue 11 May-2025

Abstract

Under-five mortality (U5M) remains alarmingly high in Northern Nigeria, necessitating a deeper understanding of modifiable household and environmental risk factors. This cross-sectional study assessed predictors of U5M in Bichi Local Government Area (LGA), Kano State, using data from 650 households, supported by health facility records with children under five, and relying on using data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Structured questionnaires and environmental audits were employed to collect data on socio-demographics, household conditions, and environmental exposures. Logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of U5M. U5M prevalence in Bichi LGA was high. Key risk factors included lack of improved sanitation, water scarcity, poor maternal education, overcrowded housing, and non-compliance with routine immunization. Logistic regression showed these factors significantly predicted child mortality. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated interventions targeting maternal education, housing improvements, targeted policies focusing on water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH), and clean energy adoption to reduce child mortality in rural Northern Nigeria.

Keywords

Child mortality, Environmental risk factors, Households, Sanitation, hygiene.

Citations

IRE Journals:
Kabir Sa'id Sufi , Jamilu Abdulhamid Bello , Fadila Tijjani "Assessing Household and Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Under-Five Mortality in Northern Nigeria: Evidence from Bichi LGA" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 8 Issue 11 2025 Page 1710-1719

IEEE:
Kabir Sa'id Sufi , Jamilu Abdulhamid Bello , Fadila Tijjani "Assessing Household and Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Under-Five Mortality in Northern Nigeria: Evidence from Bichi LGA" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 8(11)