International Peer-Reviewed Journal•Open Access•ISSN 2456-8880
irejournals@gmail.com•+91-7433024337

Home / Current Issue / Paper 1709295

1709295 Vol 8 · Issue 12 Download Paper

Soaking Time as A Parameter of Evaluating the Hardness Value of Stainless Steel Type 301, 304 And 316

Amula, E Paulley Ayibakuro, V Binaebi-Soroh, E

Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology  ·  Area of research: Mechanical Engineering

Abstract

Soaking Time as a parameter of evaluating the Hardness value of Stainless Steel Type 301,304 and 316 was looked at. After the sensitization of the specimens, corrosion rate was analyzed. The samples were welded in twos making up 15 in number from each sample squaring up to 45 in all and, the samples heated and passed through soaking at 600C for different time interval of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 180 minutes,300 minutes and 600 minutes and followed by Normalizing, Annealing and Quenching Quenched, Annealed and Normalized respectively. Hardness test were conducted on the samples. The findings got from the hardness test reveals that the samples after the corrosion test increased in hardness than those before in all three heat treatment in an Electric Furnace i.e., Quenched, Annealed and Normalized. As regards the case of SS 316, the results indicated that its hardness reduced tremendously. This result points to the fact that some degree of weld decay has occurred in the samples. To conclude, it points to shows that annealed samples had a higher hardness than the rest of the samples before and after the corrosion test and should be adopted.

Keywords

Corrosion Test, Electric Furnace, Hardness, Electric Furnace, Normalized, Parameter

References

[1] T.N. Guma S.Y. Aku, D.S. Yawas and M. Dauda. An Overview Assessment of Various Surveyed Corrosion Protection Approaches for Steel. IOSR Journal of Engineering, 4(11), 2014, pp. 48-56

[2] Kruger, J. (1986), Corrosion of metal: An overview in M.B Bever (ed), ency. of materials science and engineering vol 2

[3] T.N. Guma and James Abu. A Field Survey of Outdoor Atmospheric Corrosion Rates of Mild Steel around Kaduna Metropolis. SSRG International Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 11, 2018.

[4] Nwoko, V.O. (1976), Corrosion of municipal water pipes, The Nigeria Engr. Vol 26

[5] Pierre R. Roberge: Corrosion Basics—An Introduction, Second Ed. (Houston, TX: NACE International, 2006), pp. 21-22.

[6] National Corrosion Service (NCS) Publication UK. Guides to good practice in corrosion control. (www.npl.co.uk), 2000.

[7] Silas E. A., Simeon I. N. (2019), Investigation of the Effects of Soaking Time on the Properties of Stainless Steel. American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering 2019; 3(3): 47-52.

[8] Pramar S: Welding metallurgy 2nd Ed. {(2003) [New Jersey]}

[9] Atanda P. O., Olorunniwo O. E., Alabi O. D., and Oluwole. O. O. [2012]. Effect of Iso-Thermal Treatment on the Corrosion Behaviour of Low Carbon Steel (Nigerian C2R grade) in a Buffered Solution containing Chloride and Carbonate Ions. International Journal of Materials and Chemistry 2012, 2(2): 65-71 DOI: 10.5923/j.ijmc.20120202.04

[10] D.A.Fadare, T.G.Fadara , O.Y.Akanbi, 2011 Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of NST 372 Steel,Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, Vol. 10, No.3, pp.299-308,

[11] Ashish Bhateja,Aditya Varma, Ashish Kashyap , Bhupinder Singh,2012.”Study of the effect on the hardness of three sample grades of tool steel after heat treatment process”,International Journal of

[12] Engineering And Science (IJES),Volume 1, Issue 2,pages 253-259,

[13] Noor Mazni Ismail,Nurul Aida Amir Khatif, Mohamad Aliff Kamil Awang Kecik, Mohd Ali Hanafiah Shaharudin (2016). The Effect of heat treatment on the hardness and impact properties of medium carbon steel. Materials Science and Engineering 114 (2016) 012108 doi:10.1088/1757899X/114/1/012108.

[14] Bipin, K. S., Tewari, S. P. & Jyoti, P. (2010), “A Review on Effects of Preheating and/or Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on Mechanical Behavior of Ferrous Metals”. International Journal of Engineering Scienceand Technology, 2(4), 625-626.

[15] Kumar, Ashish B. (2010). Manufacturing Processes 2; Welding. Kanna Publishers, Unit 5, pp. 43, 49, 50, 55, 60.

[16] Maamar, R. H., Otmani, T. R., & Fahssi, N. D. D., (2008) “Heat Treatment and Welding Effects on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolution of 2024 and 7075 Aluminium Alloys”. Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Soudage et Controle. Division de Mecanique et Metallurgie, Algeria. 5, 13-15.

[17] International Institute of Welding Guidelines (1988). For the Classification of Ferrite Steel Weld Metal Microstructure Constituents Using the Light Microscopy: International Institute of Welding, IIW DOC. IX- 1533-88.

[18] Rajan, T.V., Sharma C.P., & Sharma A. (1988). Heat Treatment Principles and Techniques. Prentice-Hall of India, Private Ltd. New Delhi.

[19] Kahn Robert & Haasen Peter (1996). Physical Metallurgy. 4th Edition, Holland.

[20] Adedayo A.V., Ibitoye S.A. & Oyetoyan O.A. (2010), “Annealing Heat Treatment Effects on Steel Welds”. Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, 9(6), 547-557.

How to cite this paper

Amula, E, Paulley Ayibakuro, V, Binaebi-Soroh, E "Soaking Time as A Parameter of Evaluating the Hardness Value of Stainless Steel Type 301, 304 And 316" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 8 Issue 12 2025 Page 1815-1822
Amula, E, Paulley Ayibakuro, V, Binaebi-Soroh, E "Soaking Time as A Parameter of Evaluating the Hardness Value of Stainless Steel Type 301, 304 And 316" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 8, no. 12, Jun. 2025
Amula, E, Paulley Ayibakuro, V, Binaebi-Soroh, E (2025). Soaking Time as A Parameter of Evaluating the Hardness Value of Stainless Steel Type 301, 304 And 316. Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 8(12).
Amula, E, Paulley Ayibakuro, V, Binaebi-Soroh, E "Soaking Time as A Parameter of Evaluating the Hardness Value of Stainless Steel Type 301, 304 And 316" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, vol. 8, no. 12, Jun. 2025.
@article{1709295,
      author = {Amula, E, Paulley Ayibakuro, V, Binaebi-Soroh, E},
      title = {Soaking Time as A Parameter of Evaluating the Hardness Value of Stainless Steel Type 301, 304 And 316},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {8},
      number = {12},
      pages = {1815-1822},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1709295.pdf},
      abstract = {Soaking Time as a parameter of evaluating the Hardness value of Stainless Steel Type 301,304 and 316 was looked at. After the sensitization of the specimens, corrosion rate was analyzed. The samples were welded in twos making up 15 in number from each sample squaring up to 45 in all and, the samples heated and passed through soaking at 600C for different time interval of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 180 minutes,300 minutes and 600 minutes and followed by Normalizing, Annealing and Quenching Quenched, Annealed and Normalized respectively. Hardness test were conducted on the samples. The findings got from the hardness test reveals that the samples after the corrosion test increased in hardness than those before in all three heat treatment in an Electric Furnace i.e., Quenched, Annealed and Normalized. As regards the case of SS 316, the results indicated that its hardness reduced tremendously. This result points to the fact that some degree of weld decay has occurred in the samples. To conclude, it points to shows that annealed samples had a higher hardness than the rest of the samples before and after the corrosion test and should be adopted.},
      keywords = {Corrosion Test, Electric Furnace, Hardness, Electric Furnace, Normalized, Parameter},
      month = {June},
  }