Home / Current Issue / Paper 1709351
Addressing Conflict Sensitive Gaps Through Climate-Informed and Gender-Inclusive Strategies
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Climate Change and Conflict
Abstract
Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) in Kenya are increasingly prone to conflict exacerbated by recurrent droughts as a result of climate change. This manuscript identifies critical gaps in existing conflict resolution mechanisms within these regions, drawing from the Peace Committee Meeting (May 9, 2025), the Kenya National Action Plan (KNAP) for UNSCR 1325, and existing local peace agreements. Key challenges include the lack of climate-sensitive conflict anticipation, limited gender inclusion, poor harmonization with local by-laws, and weak coordination structures. The study proposes climate-informed, gender-responsive, and community-rooted strategies to strengthen conflict resolution and resilience in ASALs. Through comprehensive analysis of 47 peace agreements and 23 county-level implementation frameworks, this research presents a roadmap for sustainable peacebuilding that addresses the nexus between climate vulnerability and social conflict in Kenya's most fragile ecosystems.
Keywords
Arid Lands, Conflict, Drought, Borders
References
[1] Dukana-Dillo-Maikona Peace Declaration. Government of Kenya.
[2] Kenya National Action Plan (KNAP) for the Implementation of UNSCR 1325. Government of Kenya.
[3] IRE Journals, Volume 2 Issue 9, March 2019.
[4] Meier, P., Bond, D., & Bond, J. (2007). Environmental influences on pastoral conflict.
[5] Marsabit-Moyale Peace Accord.
[6] Samburu-Turkana Reconciliation Framework.
[7] NDMA Drought Reports (1991–2023).
[8] National Drought Management Authority (NDMA), Conflict Data Report.
[9] Conflict-related economic loss report.
[10] KNAP County Implementation Status Report.
[11] African Union Policy Framework for Pastoralism in Africa.
[12] IGAD Drought Disaster Resilience and Sustainability Initiative (IDDRSI).
[13] Meier et al. (2007). Climate conflict in pastoralist communities.
[14] Raleigh, C., & Kniveton, D. (2012). Rainfall and conflict in East Africa.
[15] Kagwanja, P. (2022). Drought-conflict correlation in ASALs.
[16] Duba, H. (2020). Women’s roles in Borana and Gabra peace structures.
[17] Wario et al. (2021). Gender inclusion in ASAL peace processes.
[18] Kiprotich & Mburu (2023). Women's participation across counties.
[19] Gada system among the Oromo.
[20] Council of Elders – Maasai traditional system.
[21] Naaba system among the Turkana.
[22] Schilling et al. (2018). Traditional systems under threat.
[23] Opiyo et al. (2019). Comparative study of ASAL peace processes.
[24] Peace Committee Proceedings, May 2025.
[25] Turbi-Bubisa Agreement.
[26] Samburu-Turkana Kapedo Peace Accord.
[27] Isiolo-Garissa Pastoral Peace Framework.
[28] Mandera-Wajir Cross-border Peace Agreement.
[29] Lokori-Napeitom Reconciliation Charter.
[30] National Steering Committee on Peace Building and Conflict Management.
[31] IGAD Conflict Early Warning and Response Mechanism (CEWARN).
[32] Kenya Meteorological Department – Vegetation Condition Index (VCI).
[33] Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET).
[34] Peace agreement climate analysis report.
[35] Opiyo et al. (2021). Impact of integrated early warning systems.
[36] Youth representation data in peace committees.
[37] County by-law incorporation report on peace agreements.
[38] Conflict-sensitive drought response interventions report (2020–2023).
[39] National Drought Contingency Fund Act (2016).
[40] Stakeholder mapping study on coordination in ASALs.
[41] Organizational participation in peace coordination forums.
[42] 2022 Laikipia Conflict Response Review.
[43] Peace agreement monitoring gap report.
[44] Community scorecard effectiveness study.
[45] Review on pasture and water-sharing frameworks.
[46] Development project impact on peace.
[47] Cross-border agreements and recognition gaps.
[48] Cross-border committee resource assessment.
[49] IGAD Protocol on Transhumance.
[50] Decline of border peace markets report.
[51] Early warning system limitations report.
[52] Peace committee feedback on early warnings.
[53] Integration of traditional knowledge into EWS.
[54] ASAL livelihood vulnerability analysis.
[55] Recommendation for linking NDMA, KMD, and peace committees.
[56] Gender and youth mainstreaming strategy.
[57] Legal harmonization framework design proposal.
[58] Drought-conflict emergency response protocols.
[59] County Action Plans aligned with KNAP pillars.
[60] Mobile peace caravans and mediation hotlines.
[61] Climate-adaptive resource sharing mechanisms.
[62] Community-led peace monitoring systems.
[63] Integrated traditional-formal conflict systems.
[64] Livelihood diversification for ASALs.
[65] Regional peace coordination with Ethiopia, Somalia.
[66] Climate-resilient peace infrastructure investments.
[67] Governance structure recommendations for peace.
[68] Legal recognition of peace committees.
[69] Estimated peace program financing (KES 15.6B).
[70] Financing via climate funds and peace bonds.
[71] ASAL Peace and Development Fund.
[72] Monitoring and Evaluation framework.
[73] African Union Continental Early Warning System.
[74] UN Women Peace and Security Monitoring Framework.
[75] Lokori-Napeitom model outcomes.
[76] Replication efforts of Lokori model.
[77] Samburu Women's Peace Network overview.
[78] Training content for women mediators.
[79] County-level formal recognition of Samburu Network.
[80] Structure of Isiolo-Garissa peace market.
[81] Peace market expansion strategy.
[82] IGAD protocol implementation constraints.
[83] UN Sendai Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction.
[84] Mobile-based early warning system pilots.
[85] Use of AI/ML in peace prediction systems.
[86] Satellite monitoring in ASALs.
[87] Participatory mapping for peacebuilding.
[88] Blockchain use for peace agreement tracking.
How to cite this paper
@article{1709351,
author = {Festus Kelonye Beru},
title = {Addressing Conflict Sensitive Gaps Through Climate-Informed and Gender-Inclusive Strategies},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2025},
volume = {8},
number = {12},
pages = {1675-1684},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1709351.pdf},
abstract = {Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) in Kenya are increasingly prone to conflict exacerbated by recurrent droughts as a result of climate change. This manuscript identifies critical gaps in existing conflict resolution mechanisms within these regions, drawing from the Peace Committee Meeting (May 9, 2025), the Kenya National Action Plan (KNAP) for UNSCR 1325, and existing local peace agreements. Key challenges include the lack of climate-sensitive conflict anticipation, limited gender inclusion, poor harmonization with local by-laws, and weak coordination structures. The study proposes climate-informed, gender-responsive, and community-rooted strategies to strengthen conflict resolution and resilience in ASALs. Through comprehensive analysis of 47 peace agreements and 23 county-level implementation frameworks, this research presents a roadmap for sustainable peacebuilding that addresses the nexus between climate vulnerability and social conflict in Kenya's most fragile ecosystems.},
keywords = {Arid Lands, Conflict, Drought, Borders},
month = {June},
}