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Power System Stability Optimization Using Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Electrical /Electronic Engineering
Abstract
Instability has become an issue of concern in the operation of power system due to the increasing stress on power system networks. The system suffering from incessant power failure as a result of fault on either the generating plants or on the transmission lines is adversely affecting the economic growth of the country. Most stability improvement techniques carried out in Nigeria were based only on the load flow, transformer tap changer, reactors and power loss reduction which have not been effective. In order to solve these problem of instability caused by low frequency oscillation in power system, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller with Power System Stabilizer (PSS) was proposed in this work for the stability optimization of the power system. The analysis of the PSS in this work was based on the parameters of the PSS tuned using the four methods: CPSS, PSO, ICA and Generic. The performance improvement was carried out through simulation in MATLAB. The first stage of simulation was to examine the damping capability of the PSS without any external technique such that the system will be stable. Secondly, with external technique. From available results, all the PID controlled plants recorded improved performance and stability characteristics except the Generic-PID which recorded very high settling time of 1.03e+4 seconds and overshoot of 74%. However, all the PID controlled plant were stable. The ICA-PID achieved best performance and stability improvement characteristics with settling time of 0.0478seconds, overshoot of 4.4%, and phase margin of 67.6 degrees. So, ICA-PID controller is recommended for power system stability robustness.
Keywords
Power System Stability, Optimization, Power System Stabilizer (PSS), Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID), Low Frequency Oscillation, Damping
References
[1] Etukudor C., Abdulkareem A., and Ayo O., (2015).The Daunting Challenges of the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry, Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy, Vol.5, No.9,pp. 25-32
[2] Hartono and Kuo M., (2018). Design of Simulation for Transient Stability Analysis in Smart Grid by Using Critical Clearing Time Index, International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 269-273 Performan ce/stability Tuned plant CPSS- PID Tuned plant PSO- PID Tuned plant ICA- PID Tuned plant Generic -PID Settling time 0.164 second s 0.069 seconds 0.0478 seconds 1.03e+4 seconds Overshoot 0% 4.85% 4.4% 74% Peak 0.972 1.05 1.04 0.499 Gain margin Infinity Infinity Infinity Infinity Phase margin 140 degree 77 degree 67.6 degree 176 degree Closed loop stability Stable Stable Stable Stable
[3] Kasilingam G., and Pasupuleti J., (2014).Tuning of PID Controller for a Synchronous Machine Connected to a Non-Linear Load, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, VOL. 9, NO. 9, pp. 1659-1668
[4] Kundur P., (1994). Power System Stability and Control, EPRI Power System Engineering Series, McGraw-Hill, New York Pp.2395-1052
[5] PHCN (2010). Generation and Transmission Grid Operations 2009, National Control Centre, Osogbo Annual Technical Report
[6] RafieeZ., Ganjefar S., Meyabadi A. F., (2011).A New PSS Tuning Technique Using ICA and PSO
[7] Sekine Y., Takahashi K., and Sakaguchi T., (1994).Real time Simulation of Power System Dynamics, Int. J Elec Power
How to cite this paper
@article{1702638,
author = {Uju, I.U., Atuchukwu, A.J, Ekeopara, O.E.},
title = {Power System Stability Optimization Using Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Controller},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2021},
volume = {4},
number = {10},
pages = {158-165},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1702638.pdf},
abstract = {Instability has become an issue of concern in the operation of power system due to the increasing stress on power system networks. The system suffering from incessant power failure as a result of fault on either the generating plants or on the transmission lines is adversely affecting the economic growth of the country. Most stability improvement techniques carried out in Nigeria were based only on the load flow, transformer tap changer, reactors and power loss reduction which have not been effective. In order to solve these problem of instability caused by low frequency oscillation in power system, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller with Power System Stabilizer (PSS) was proposed in this work for the stability optimization of the power system. The analysis of the PSS in this work was based on the parameters of the PSS tuned using the four methods: CPSS, PSO, ICA and Generic. The performance improvement was carried out through simulation in MATLAB. The first stage of simulation was to examine the damping capability of the PSS without any external technique such that the system will be stable. Secondly, with external technique. From available results, all the PID controlled plants recorded improved performance and stability characteristics except the Generic-PID which recorded very high settling time of 1.03e+4 seconds and overshoot of 74%. However, all the PID controlled plant were stable. The ICA-PID achieved best performance and stability improvement characteristics with settling time of 0.0478seconds, overshoot of 4.4%, and phase margin of 67.6 degrees. So, ICA-PID controller is recommended for power system stability robustness.},
keywords = {Power System Stability, Optimization, Power System Stabilizer (PSS), Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID), Low Frequency Oscillation, Damping},
month = {April},
}