Abstract
A convergent?divergent (CD) nozzle is a core component in aerospace and thermal propulsion systems, designed to expand and accelerate exhaust gases to supersonic speeds. Modern research into CD nozzles emphasizes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, geometry optimization, and experimental validation. This survey consolidates insights from ten major studies, focusing on flow characteristics, geometric design parameters, pressure-velocity relationships, and nozzle performance optimization across different materials and flow conditions. The reviewed works show that the divergent angle (15??20?) and nozzle pressure ratio (NPR = 6?8) produce optimal performance with minimal shock separation.
Citations
IRE Journals:
Muskaan Banu, Punith Kumar, Bhavyashree M, Itika Sharma "Case Study On C-D Nozzle Design" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 9 Issue 5 2025 Page 1943-1948 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I5-1712297
IEEE:
Muskaan Banu, Punith Kumar, Bhavyashree M, Itika Sharma
"Case Study On C-D Nozzle Design" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 9(5) https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I5-1712297
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IRE Journals is an open access online journals established with an aim to publish high quality of research work in various diciplines. We have more than 6 years in publications. Over 2500+ papers already published.
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