Abstract
The integration of renewable energy sources into high-voltage (HV) transmission systems introduces complex power quality challenges due to the widespread use of power electronic converters in wind and solar generation. These converter-dominated units significantly affect harmonic characteristics, interharmonic propagation, voltage stability, and sub-synchronous oscillation behavior. The analysis presented in this study synthesizes the major power quality impacts observed in modern transmission grids with increasing renewable penetration. Results show that harmonic distortion and resonance risks intensify in networks where underground cables, MMC-HVDC links, and large inverter-based resources interact, shifting system impedance and lowering resonance frequencies. Voltage fluctuations and reactive power imbalance caused by large-scale wind integration further degrade stability, particularly in weak grids with low short-circuit strength. Sub-synchronous resonance mechanisms differ between turbine technologies, where DFIG units primarily trigger induction-generator-based SSR, while full-converter turbines exhibit control-interaction-driven SSCI. Mitigation strategies identified as most effective include MMC-HVDC systems, STATCOM and UPFC-based dynamic compensation, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), and grid-forming inverter control. Overall, advanced converter control, coordinated reactive power support, and harmonic-aware transmission planning are essential to ensure secure and reliable operation in high-renewable HV networks.
Keywords
Harmonic Distortion, Power Quality, Renewable Energy, Sub-Synchronous Resonance, Transmission Lines
Citations
IRE Journals:
Serhat Isikli "Power Quality Effects of Renewable Energy Generation on High-Voltage Transmission Lines" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals Volume 8 Issue 9 2025 Page 1998-2007 https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV8I9-1714959
IEEE:
Serhat Isikli
"Power Quality Effects of Renewable Energy Generation on High-Voltage Transmission Lines" Iconic Research And Engineering Journals, 8(9) https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV8I9-1714959
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