Home / Current Issue / Paper 1716582
A Multi-Cloud Architecture for Tokenized Real Estate Property Sales with Focus on Saudi Arabia
Subject area: Science,Engineering and Technology · Area of research: Multi-Cloud Architecture
DOI: 10.64388/IREV9I10-1716582
Abstract
The global real estate market changes its format and evolves to the next level. Tokenization of real estate assets occurs due to the rise in fractional ownership of tangible property assets, represented using blockchain technology. This study will concentrate on how multi-cloud architecture can be used to support tokenization of real estate assets in Saudi Arabia. Its rapidly developing regulation and technological environment make Saudi Arabia attractive for tokenization of real estate assets. Tokenization is a process that needs capabilities that no single cloud can have. In order to conduct tokenization, one should be able to deploy a blockchain infrastructure, custody services, ensure data residency in compliance with local laws, and integrate the solution with the existing property registry. A single cloud service provider introduces a high concentration risk, since it results in vendor lock-in and restricts the choice of the most appropriate blockchain platform. A conscious approach of using a multi-cloud strategy allows addressing all these concerns. The sources that were used in this research include reports from seven different countries, including Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman, India, UK, and US. Also, public sources concerning market performance, regulations, and architectural design were utilized. It is important to note that priority was given to publications prepared by regulatory agencies, such as Real Estate General Authority of Saudi Arabia and Dubai Land Department. The following key points should be mentioned. First, the global market size of tokenization within the field under investigation is estimated to reach USD 3.5 billion in 2024 and USD 19.4 billion in 2033, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21%.[1] Moreover, the cumulative market size in the GCC region is forecasted to equal to USD 1.2 billion.[3] Second, Saudi Arabia demonstrates the best results: it has already issued nine technology platforms for tokenization and performed its first tokenization transaction.[11] It was also the first country to develop and publish a national regulatory standard for real estate tokenization.[12] Finally, Saudi Arabia's cloud computing market is forecasted to reach USD 14.55 billion in 2024 and USD 38.23 billion in 2033.[4] According to the suggested solution, the load will be shared between AWS (token execution and custody services), Microsoft Azure (identity and access management and compliance logging as well as integration layer), and Google Cloud (big data analytics). Cross-chain interoperability is achieved using open-source cross-chain bridge protocols. Also, it is assumed that tokenization regulations will be issued in June 2026. This research is valuable to the literature review because it highlights interrelationships between blockchain and cloud technologies that were traditionally studied separately. One should not discuss tokenization and regulation issues of Saudi Arabia market without considering the above topics together.
References
[1] Entralon Hub. Real Estate Tokenization Market Watch. Entralon Hub; 2024. Available at: https://hub.entralon.com/market-watch-real-estate-tokenization/
[2] InsightAce Analytic. Real Estate Tokenization Market Report 2025-2035. InsightAce Analytic; 2025. Available at: https://www.insightaceanalytic.com/report/real-estate-tokenization-market/2782
[3] Ken Research. GCC Tokenized Real Estate Market Report. Ken Research; 2024. Available at: https://www.kenresearch.com/gcc-tokenized-real-estate-market
[4] Renub Research. Saudi Arabia Cloud Computing Market 2024-2033. Renub Research; 2024. Available at: https://www.renub.com/saudi-arabia-cloud-computing-market-p.php
[5] Neveltech. Cloud Solutions for Saudi Enterprises: Why 2025 Is the Year of Cloud Adoption. Neveltech; 2025. Available at: https://neveltech.sa/articles/cloud-solutions-for-saudi-enterprises-why-2025-is-the-year-of-cloud-adoption/
[6] Firefly. Multi-Cloud Management and How to Employ a Multi-Cloud Strategy. Firefly; 2024. Available at: https://www.firefly.ai/academy/multi-cloud-management-and-how-to-employ-a-multi-cloud-strategy
[7] Middle East Briefing. UAE Witnesses Real Estate Tokenization: Dubai's Sandbox. Middle East Briefing; 2025. Available at: https://www.middleeastbriefing.com/news/uae-witnesses-real-estate-tokenization-dubais-sandbox/
[8] Binance Square. Qatar QFC Tokenizing $500M+ Real Estate Assets. Binance Square; 2024. Available at: https://www.binance.com/en/square/post/24758724984090
[9] ElectroIQ. Tokenized Assets Statistics 2025. ElectroIQ; 2025. Available at: https://electroiq.com/stats/tokenized-assets-statistics/
[10] Skyline Holdings. Saudi Real Estate Tokenization: 9 New Platforms Approved by REGA. Skyline Holdings; 2024. Available at: https://skylineholding.com/en/blog/saudi-real-estate-tokenization-9-new-platforms-approved
[11] Real Estate General Authority (REGA). Completion of the First Real Estate Tokenization and Establishment of the First Global Regulatory Standard. REGA Official; 2024. Available at: https://rega.gov.sa/en/media-center/news-announcements/under-the-patronage-of-the-minister-of-municipal-and-rural-affairs-and-housing-the-real-estate-general-authority-rega-announces-the-completion-of-the-first-real-estate-tokenization-and-establishes-the-first-global-regulatory-standard/
[12] SettleMint. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Launches National Real Estate Tokenization Infrastructure: A Global First. SettleMint News; 2024. Available at: https://news.settlemint.com/news/kingdom-of-saudi-arabia-launches-national-real-estate-tokenization-infrastructure-a-global-first
[13] Pinsent Masons. Tokenised Real Estate: GCC Growth and Regulatory Developments. Pinsent Masons Out-Law; 2025. Available at: https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/tokenised-real-estate-gcc-growth
[14] Gate News. Qatar QFC Digital Assets Framework 2024. Gate.com; 2024. Available at: https://www.gate.com/news/detail/11056272
[15] Tokenizer.Estate. Real Estate Tokenization in Qatar 2026: What Works, What Breaks, and When It Makes Sense. Tokenizer.Estate Blog; 2025. Available at: https://blog.tokenizer.estate/real-estate-tokenization-in-qatar-2026-what-works-what-breaks-and-when-it-makes-sense/
[16] Resfix. Blockchain Revolution in Oman Real Estate. Resfix Knowledge Base; 2024. Available at: https://www.resfix.com/knowledge-base/blockchain-revolution
[17] United Nations Development Programme. Using Blockchain to Make Land Registry More Reliable in India. UNDP Blog; 2022. Available at: https://www.undp.org/blog/using-blockchain-make-land-registry-more-reliable-india
[18] Economic Times. SC Flags Deficiencies, Asks Law Panel to Examine Blockchain Technology for Property Registration. The Economic Times; 2025. Available at: https://economictimes.com/industry/services/property-/-cstruction/sc-flags-deficiencies-asks-law-panel-to-examine-blockchain-technology-for-property-registration/articleshow/125169489.cms
[19] National Informatics Centre, Government of India. Land Registration Blockchain Case Study. blockchain.gov.in; 2023. Available at: https://blockchain.gov.in/Home/CaseStudy?CaseStudy=LandRegistration
[20] HM Land Registry. HM Land Registry to Explore the Benefits of Blockchain. UK Government; 2018. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/hm-land-registry-to-explore-the-benefits-of-blockchain
[21] Appinventiv. Blockchain Taking Real Estate to the Next Level: Brookfield, JLL and Beyond. Appinventiv; 2024. Available at: https://appinventiv.com/blog/blockchain-taking-real-estate-next-level/
[22] Primior. The Role of Smart Contracts in Real Estate Tokenization. Primior; 2024. Available at: https://primior.com/role-of-smart-contracts-in-real-estate-tokenization/
[23] ScienceDirect. Blockchain-Integrated Multi-Cloud Framework with Proof-of-Stake Consensus. Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems; 2025. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2210537925000915
[24] SSRN. Blockchain Interoperability Protocols for Multi-Cloud Architectures. Social Science Research Network; 2024. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5034149
[25] CockroachLabs. Fintech Multi-Cloud Architecture: Examples from Form3 and Stake. CockroachLabs Blog; 2023. Available at: https://www.cockroachlabs.com/blog/fintech-multi-cloud-architecture/
[26] Wiz.io. Cloud Security Architecture: Frameworks and Best Practices. Wiz Academy; 2024. Available at: https://www.wiz.io/academy/cloud-security/cloud-security-architecture
[27] Leobit. Blockchain-Based Real Estate Platform on Microsoft Azure: Case Study. Leobit; 2023. Available at: https://leobit.com/projects/blockchain-based-real-estate-platform/
[28] Tokenizer.Estate. Real Estate Tokenization Challenges in 2025: Navigating the Roadblocks. Tokenizer.Estate Blog; 2025. Available at: https://blog.tokenizer.estate/real-estate-tokenization-challenges-in-2025-navigating-the-roadblocks/
[29] Elbatrawy. Digital Transformation in Saudi Real Estate. Elbatrawy.io; 2024. Available at: https://elbatrawy.io/digital-transformation-in-saudi-real-estate-2/
[30] Nadcab Labs. Real Estate Tokenization Companies in Saudi Arabia. Nadcab Labs Blog; 2024. Available at: https://www.nadcab.com/blog/real-estate-tokenization-companies-saudi-arabia
[31] Successive Digital. How Cloud-Based Platforms Are Transforming Real Estate Management. Successive Digital Blog; 2024. Available at: https://successive.tech/blog/how-cloud-based-platforms-are-revolutionizing-real-estate-management
[32] Iterators HQ. The Blockchain Real Estate Transformation. IteratorsHQ Blog; 2024. Available at: https://www.iteratorshq.com/blog/the-blockchain-real-estate-transformation/
How to cite this paper
@article{1716582,
author = {Syed Fakruddin Albeez},
title = {A Multi-Cloud Architecture for Tokenized Real Estate Property Sales with Focus on Saudi Arabia},
journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
year = {2026},
volume = {9},
number = {10},
pages = {2137-2149},
issn = {2456-8880},
url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1716582.pdf},
abstract = {The global real estate market changes its format and evolves to the next level. Tokenization of real estate assets occurs due to the rise in fractional ownership of tangible property assets, represented using blockchain technology. This study will concentrate on how multi-cloud architecture can be used to support tokenization of real estate assets in Saudi Arabia. Its rapidly developing regulation and technological environment make Saudi Arabia attractive for tokenization of real estate assets. Tokenization is a process that needs capabilities that no single cloud can have. In order to conduct tokenization, one should be able to deploy a blockchain infrastructure, custody services, ensure data residency in compliance with local laws, and integrate the solution with the existing property registry. A single cloud service provider introduces a high concentration risk, since it results in vendor lock-in and restricts the choice of the most appropriate blockchain platform. A conscious approach of using a multi-cloud strategy allows addressing all these concerns. The sources that were used in this research include reports from seven different countries, including Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman, India, UK, and US. Also, public sources concerning market performance, regulations, and architectural design were utilized. It is important to note that priority was given to publications prepared by regulatory agencies, such as Real Estate General Authority of Saudi Arabia and Dubai Land Department. The following key points should be mentioned. First, the global market size of tokenization within the field under investigation is estimated to reach USD 3.5 billion in 2024 and USD 19.4 billion in 2033, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21%.[1] Moreover, the cumulative market size in the GCC region is forecasted to equal to USD 1.2 billion.[3] Second, Saudi Arabia demonstrates the best results: it has already issued nine technology platforms for tokenization and performed its first tokenization transaction.[11] It was also the first country to develop and publish a national regulatory standard for real estate tokenization.[12] Finally, Saudi Arabia's cloud computing market is forecasted to reach USD 14.55 billion in 2024 and USD 38.23 billion in 2033.[4] According to the suggested solution, the load will be shared between AWS (token execution and custody services), Microsoft Azure (identity and access management and compliance logging as well as integration layer), and Google Cloud (big data analytics). Cross-chain interoperability is achieved using open-source cross-chain bridge protocols. Also, it is assumed that tokenization regulations will be issued in June 2026. This research is valuable to the literature review because it highlights interrelationships between blockchain and cloud technologies that were traditionally studied separately. One should not discuss tokenization and regulation issues of Saudi Arabia market without considering the above topics together.},
month = {April},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I10-1716582}
}