Developing Tindar: A Native Arabic Programming Language

References

[1] M. M. Khalatia and T. A. H. Al-Romany, "Artificial Intelligence Development and Challenges (Arabic Language as a Model)," International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. ,2020. [Online]. Available: www.ijicc.net

[2] Thain, "Introduction to Compilers and Language Design", 2nd ed. Notre Dame, IN, USA: Douglas Thain, 2023. ISBN: 979-8-655-18026-0.[Online].Available: http://compilerbook.org

[3] Z. Alyafeai and M. S. Al-Shaibani, "ARBML: Democratizing Arabic Natural Language Processing Tools," in *Proc. 2nd Workshop on NLP Open Source Software (NLP-OSS)*, pp. 8–13, Virtual Conference, Nov. 19, 2020. [Online].Available: https://aclanthology.org/2020.nlposs-1.2/

[4] M. A. Mohammed, S. H. M. Zeebaree, S. Mostafa, and M. K. A. Ghani, "Designing and Implementing an Arabic Programming Language for Teaching Pupils," J. Southwest Jiaotong Univ., vol. 54, no. 3, pp, Jun. 2019. [Online]Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333858707

[5] R. Nystrom, *Crafting Interpreters*, 1st ed. [Online]. Available:

[6] A. ElSabagh, S. S. Azab, and H. A. Hefny, "A comprehensive survey on Arabic text augmentation: approaches, challenges, and applications," *Neural Comput. Appl.*, vol. 37, pp. 7015–7048, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s00521-025-11002-z.[Online]Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11020-z

[7] W. Kania and R. Wajman, "CKRIPT: A new scripting language for web applications," *IAPGOŚ*, vol. 2, pp. 2022.[Online]Available:

[8] GeeksforGeeks, “Introduction to Syntax Analysis in Compiler Design,” GeeksforGeeks, 27-Aug-2025. [Online]. Available:

[9] H. H. A. Razaq, A. S. Gaser, M. A. Mohammed, E. T. Yassen, S. A. Soltana, S. R. M. Zeebaree, D. A. Mahmood, M. K. A. Ghani, and R. N. Farhan, "Designing and implementing an Arabic programming language for teaching pupils," *J. Southwest Jiaotong Univ.*, vol. 54, no. 3, pp2019, [Online]Available:

[10] Y. Bassil, “Phoenix – The Arabic Object-Oriented Programming Language,” International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology (IJCTT), vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 1–7, Feb. 2019. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.05871

[11] S. Sibaee, O. Najar, L. Ghouti, and A. Koubaa, “LLMs as Scribe for Arabic Programming Language,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.10876v1 [cs.SE], Prince Sultan University, KSA, Mar. 2024. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.16087

[12] R. Yasasri and D. Karunarathna, “Helaa: A Sinhala Language–Based Programming Language,” Proc. of the International Conference, University of Colombo School of Computing, Sri Lanka, Aug. 2023. [Online]. Available:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372946071

[13] VIJAYGANESH, S. Nandwana, and R. Kumar, “Breaking the Language Barriers of Programming: An All-Inclusive and Personalizable Programming Platform — BASH-A,” International Journal of Recent Research and Review, vol. XVII, no. 2, pp. xx–xx, Jun. 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.ijrrr.com/papers/June2024/Breaking-the-Language-Barriers-of-Programming.pdf

[14] S. Tutar, C. Bozsahin, and H. Oguztuzun, “TPD: An Educational Programming Language Based on Turkish Syntax,” Dept. of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301687920

[15] M. Janiczek, “Demystifying Pratt Parsers,” Blog post, Jul. 3, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://martin.janiczek.cz/2023/07/03/demystifying-pratt-parsers.html

[16] S. M. Farooq and S. H. Shabbeer Basha, “A Study on Fibonacci Series Generation Algorithms,” in Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, India, Jan. 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/96152241

@article{1712881,
      author = {Abd Alroof S. Almogadmi, Sumaia A. Eltomi, Murad S. Baghni},
      title = {Developing Tindar: A Native Arabic Programming Language},
      journal = {Iconic Research And Engineering Journals},
      year = {2025},
      volume = {9},
      number = {6},
      pages = {1416-1423},
      issn = {2456-8880},
      url = {https://www.irejournals.com/formatedpaper/1712881.pdf},
      abstract = {This paper introduces Tindar, a new Arabic programming language designed to ease programming education and computing interaction for Arabic speakers. Tindar features a simple, extensible structure supporting fundamental programming concepts, object-oriented programming, and functional programming features. Its architecture comprises a parser, syntactic analyzer, code generator, and virtual machine. Implemented in Rust for speed and security, the Tindar compiler outperforms Python in performance tests and is cross-platform compatible. This work emphasizes the significance of culturally and linguistically relevant computing interfaces, addressing the linguistic and technical challenges of integrating Tindar with modern development environments and offering practical solutions.},
      keywords = {Arabic programming language, Compiler design, Extensibility, Language integration.},
      month = {December},
      doi = {https://doi.org/10.64388/IREV9I6-1712881}
  }